FAQs

  • PREN and Nickel Alloys - Q: I’m trying to determine the corrosion resistance of Hastelloy bolts compared to Duplex bolts. Can I use PREN to calculate the corrosion resistance between the two materials? A: Unfortunately, PREN is a calculation that is only applicable to stainless steels. It cannot be used on nickel alloys like Hastelloy or … Continue reading →
  • C276 and Titanium Bolts for NaOCl Bleach  - Q: I’m looking for replacements for m6 SS bolts on the head of a pump that pumps 12.5% NaOCl (bleach or sodium hypochlorite).  The bolts tend to loosen over time and the bleach weeps out and destroys the A4 SS bolts. The operating temperature is about 80-90 F most of the … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH Bolt Strength for Improved Resistance Again Wear & Shearing - Q: We have gear mounted alloy steel screws that rotate a loaded arm.  As the gear rotates over its lifetime, these screws ultimately stretch and wear resulting in the bolts loosening, shearing, and breaking. Is there a screw material capable of being made that would help solve any of these issues: … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH H1150 compared to 17-4PH per ASTM F593 - Q: So I was told that 17-4PH Group 630 bolts per ASTM F593 are heat treated to H1150. So how is a 17-4PH F593 bolt any different from the standard 17-4PH H1150 bolt, as they both have the same heat treatment? A: Great question. Yes, you are correct, they are … Continue reading →
  • Specifications for Metric Heavy Hex Bolts in ASTM 193M B16 -  Q:  I am looking for metric heavy hex bolts for a high temperature structural application that will be running at about 500C. A325M and A490M cannot be used, so I would like to use A193M B16 Heavy Hex Bolt, which could be a good solution. The problem is that I can’t find … Continue reading →
  • Titanium per ASTM B348 - Q: What makes Titanium fasteners per ASTM B348 unique? A:  ASTM B348 is a specification that applies to pure titanium grades 1-4 as well as alloyed grade 5 and 23 titanium. The spec refers to requirements for hot or cold worked bars from which bolts and threaded rod are made. Titanium bolts per … Continue reading →
  • 17-4 Bolts to Replace 12.9 Zinc Coated Bolts - Q:  We are trying to move away from zinc plated 12.9 bolts due to hydrogen embrittlement problems and the geomet finish is giving us problems due to the diameter of the screw. As a better solution, we have thought about using Super Duplex screws or Nimonic 80A screws.  I understand that … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Bolts Used in H2SO4 - image.pngQ: We are in search for a bolt material that can handle sulfuric acid – compatible with 96% H2SO4. The exposure should be low and only on an infrequent basis. Also,  these applications when H2SO4, DI Water is used to flush and clean off the surfaces during any maintenance that occurs inside the … Continue reading →
  • High Strength Stainless Steel Lock Nuts - Q: We are essentially having issue identifying the highest available high strength stainless steel nylon insert nuts. Is Duplex 2205 the best option? A: If you are just looking for strength for your lock nut with a nylon insert, one of the highest strength stainless steel’s you could consider would be 17-4 PH … Continue reading →
  • Fast Delivery for 1300C and Low Load Strength - Q: I’m looking to purchase some ¼-20 bolts/nuts/washers that will be suitable to fasten metal plate together at 1,300C.  The fasteners need to last at least 4 minutes at this temperature but preferably longer. The load on the bolts will be very low. A: I think there are a couple … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 718 per AMS 5962 - Q: What is the difference between “standard” Inconel 718 and Inconel 718 per AMS 5962 A:  While nothing about Inconel 718 is standard, however the most popular variety of Inconel 718 bolts is per ASTM B637.  For this version of Inconel 718, the bolts are age hardened to have a … Continue reading →
  • Aluminum 7075 for Lightweight Strength - Q: Why is Aluminum 7075 often used for aircraft? A: There are many grades of aluminum bolts but those categorized under grade 7075 are specifically used for aerospace and other high stress structural applications that require a combination of strength and extreme light weight. Grade 7075 can be tempered to different conditions, … Continue reading →
  • Aluminum 7075 Compared to Titanium - Q: How does Aluminum 7075 compare to titanium grade 5? A: Aluminum 7075 can be tempered to many different strengths. The strongest being T6 which not only offers the highest strength. The primary drawback being that it also has low fracture toughness. Aluminum 7075-T6 bolts offer more strength than grade 2 titanium, … Continue reading →
  • PEEK: Non-Conductive Bolts for up to 500F - Q: We are looking to find an electrically   non-conductive bolt that would also work at temperatures up to 500 F max. They will be used for an electrically live part isolation kit. Anything that will fit the bill? A: Without any understanding of your strength requirements, and focusing solely on the … Continue reading →
  • Monel 400 Bolts per ASTM B164 - Q: What does the spec ASTM B164 apply to and can you produce hex heads per this spec? I believe it is for Monel bolts? A: Monel bolts per ASTM B164 applies to both Monel 400 and Monel grade 405. This specification standardizes the different processing techniques for each of these materials … Continue reading →
  • MIL-DTL-25027 for Lock Nuts - Q: Can you provide me the dimension specs of an MIL-DTL-25027 5/8″-11 Monel 400 nut? A:  MIL-DTL-25027 (superseded by spec NASM25027) focuses on the performance criteria of the locking mechanism of the nut. This spec isn’t for the dimensions/configuration of the nut.
  • Inconel 718 Bolts Per ASTM B637 - image.pngQ: What does it mean for Inconel bolts to be produced per ASTM B637. A: The specification ASTM B637 is a raw material specification for both hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardened nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. Inconel 718 bolts are one of several age hardened nickel alloys … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screws for Shock and Vibration - Q: I need a flat head screw that is both non-Conductive Fastener and can survive shock and vibration. Any ideas? A: Polymers and ceramics are the only options for non-conductive screws. As ceramics are brittle, they would non withstand shock and vibration. In terms of polymers, PEEK is the go-to option … Continue reading →
  • Strong, Non-conductive, Impact Resistant Screws - Q: We are looking for screws to hold down electronic circuit boards. Unfortunately the mounting provisions need to be electrically isolated from the mounts. In addition,  we need strength, non-conductivity, and impact resistance, even at cold temperatures (-40C). A:  A great material to consider would be PEEK screws or PEEK with Glass Fiber reinforcement.  These … Continue reading →
  • Galling Issues with Inconel and Hastelloy  - Q:  How do Alloy 625 and Hastelloy C276 bolts work together as far as galling goes? A:  Inconel 625 bolts and Hastelloy bolts should work well together.  They have slightly different chemistries, which helps minimize galling. In addition, Inconel is a bit harder than Hastelloy, which also helps. As long as … Continue reading →
  • NAS1352 and NAS1352 - Q: What is the difference between NAS1351 and NAS1352? Aren’t they both socket head cap screws? A: Yes, both NAS1351 and NAS1352 are both socket head cap screws. The primary difference is the threads. NAS1351 pertains to socket head cap screws with a coarse thread pitch, whereas NAS1352 applies to only … Continue reading →
  • Are 304 stainless steel and 18-8 stainless steel the same material?  - Q:  Am I correct in my understanding that 304SS (UNS S30400) can be sold as “18-8” hardware – but that not all 18-8 hardware is necessarily (UNS S30400)? A: 304 stainless steel fits into a general category of stainless steel that is referred to as “18-8”.  However, if you buy … Continue reading →
  • Flat Head Socket Cap Screw Angles - Q: Can you make a 100 deg flat head, with a hex socket driver? A: Yes this screw can be produced but there are some significant trade-offs that need to be realized. Though a hex socket driver is a typical driver in an 82 deg flat head screw, in this instance for … Continue reading →
  • A286 Cryogenic Verwendung - Q: Ich habe eine Weltraumanwendung, bei der die Temperaturen variieren können, von extremen Höhen bis hin zu kryogenen Temperaturen. Mir wurde von A286 erzählt, aber kann es auch bei kryogenen Temperaturen verwendet werden?   A: Ja, A286 kann bei kryogenen Temperaturen bis zu -320 °C verwendet werden, wo es duktil … Continue reading →
  • Relationship Between Tensile Strength and Hardness - Q: How does the tensile strength of a metal compare to its hardness?   A: Ok there are a few questions here so let’s start with the strength and hardness comparison first. Tensile strength by definition is the amount of stress a material can handle before it will fail – … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts per AMS 5737 Compared to AMS 5732  - Q: What is the difference between A286 per AMS 5737 and AMS 5732?Q: What is the difference between A286 per AMS 5737 and AMS 5732? A: A286 is an age hardened material. These AMS – aerospace standards – pertain to how the A286 material is solution treated and hardened: • … Continue reading →
  • Mechanical Properties of A286 - Q: What are the mechanical properties of A286 Bolts? A:  Below are the general properties of A286 bolts in terms of high temperature usage and strength. This can change though depending on the AMS or ASTM specifications.  A286 tensile strength 120ksi, 160ksi (cold worked) A286 yield strength 85 ksi, 120 (cold … Continue reading →
  • How to Prevent Thread Galling - Q: I think my bolts are galling to the heat exchanger I’m working with because now they won’t budge at all. Guessing I will have to break them to get them out. I don’t want to have this keep happening – so is there any way to prevent this from happening in … Continue reading →
  • Materials Prone to Thread Galling - Q: I’ve had trouble with galling in the past and seem to be wasting a lot of bolts, due to this. I’ thinking maybe that I’m using the wrong material – so are there  specific materials better than others to help prevent galling? A: Though galling can happen with almost any … Continue reading →
  • What is Thread Galling? - Q: I’ve heard of thread galling but am not exactly sure what it is. Can you explain?   A: Galling happens when a bolt is over-tightened and the threads seize together creating what we call a “cold weld”. The friction from fastening actually causes the threads to heat up and … Continue reading →
  • Difference between Galvanic Corrosion & Galling - Q: Are galvanic corrosion and galling the same? A: Galvanic corrosion and galling are actually very different. One causes accelerated corrosion while the other cause the threads to seize. Galvanic corrosion is when two dissimilar metals are brought in contact with a solution or moisture – most commonly, salt water. … Continue reading →
  • Non-Conductive Screws - Q: I’m involved in is currently looking at your non-conductive fasteners to isolate an SMA Connector. But have several questions for finding the right solution regarding torque, preload heating and cooling, and locking features. A: Thanks for all the questions and interest. I will answer all your questions: How is torque … Continue reading →
  • Finishes to Prevent Bolt Thread Galling - Q: Do you have any finishes that you can recommend to add to the studs/nuts to prevent galling? A: Regarding galling there are a few things that could be done depending on your application’s needs. 1) The easiest and cheapest solution is to use an anti-seizing lubricant. We sell one that might … Continue reading →
  • What Is the Max Length of a Ceramic Fastener - Q: Hi, I’m search to get a 1/4″-20 x 3ft long alumina ceramic rod. Is this something you can make? A:  For Extreme Bolt & Fastener, 3″ long is the max length we can produce a ceramic bolt, rod or other fastener.  As you may know ceramics are brittle, but breakage … Continue reading →
  • Maximum Temperature for Duplex /1.4462 Screws in Saltwater - Q: At what temperature is it safe to use 1.4462 Duplex Stainless Steel Screws in seawater? A: 1.4462 Duplex stainless steel comes under several material and trade names including, 2205, UNS S32205, UNS S31803, F51, AISI 318 LN. It is normally safe to use duplex stainless bolting in brine / saltwater up … Continue reading →
  • Max Usable Temp of A286 (1.4980) Bolts - Q: I am designing an engine unit and am considering using 1.4980 stud bolts and nuts at elevated temperature. What is the maximum working temperature for stud bolts made of 1.4980 (A-286)? A: A286/Alloy 660 or 1.4980 fasteners are made of a stainless steel alloy which contains iron, nickel, and … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 718 Per SAE AS7466 Vs SAE AS7467 - Q: What is the difference between bolting to SAE AS7466 and SAE AS7467? A: Both SAE AS7466 and SAE AS7467 describe bolts and screws made from Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) material equivalent to the European 2.4668 material norm.  The main difference between these two specifications is the testing requirements. The Inconel bolt material … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C22 Compared C276 in Hydrochloric Acid - Q:  I have a maintenance shut-down and am looking into replacing the 2.4602 / Hastelloy C22 bolts and nuts in. To save time, I was thinking of using Hastelloy C276 / 2.4819 fasteners since I’m hoping to get stock parts. My medium is mainly hydrochloric acid approximately 20%. Would 2.4819 bolts … Continue reading →
  • Oxidation resistance of A286 compared to A4L/316L - Q: What is the corrosion (oxidation) resistance of 1.4980 (A-286) fasteners compared to 1.4404 (A4 / 316L ) fasteners? A:  A286 / 1.4980 bolts provide excellent oxidation resistance up to 1500°F (815°C). This makes 1.4980 bolts ideal for high temperature exhaust streams. In comparison, 316L / 1.4404 bolts can typically be applied up … Continue reading →
  • ASTM A1014 Compared to SAE AS7467 - Q:  What is the difference between screws made to ASTM A1014 and SAE AS7467? A:  When it comes to the material characteristics there is not much difference in these specifications.  Both standards describe bolts and screws made from Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) material equivalent to the European 2.4668 material norm. These both … Continue reading →
  • ASTM A1014 versus AMS 5663 - Q:  What is the difference between a screw made to ASTM A1014 and AMS 5663? A:  ASTM A1014 is standard specification for precipitation hardened bolts in Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) for high hemperature service by ASTM International. In contrast AMS 5663 is the material standard from another standards agency: SAE International. … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolts: AMS 5662 vs AMS 5663 - Q: What is the difference between Inconel bolts per AMS 5662 and AMS 5663? A: AMS 5562 and AMS 5663 are material standards from SAE International that describe Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) / 52,5Ni – 19Cr – 3.1Mo – 5.1(Cb + Ta) – 0.90Ti – 0.50Al / NiCr19MoNb. The difference … Continue reading →
  • A4-70 A4-80 and A4-100 High Strength Screws - Q: I have difficulties getting A4-70 A4-80 and A4-100 screws in small sizes (M4, M5 and M6). Can you suggest suitable material alternatives? A: A4 (A4 (1.4401 / 1.4404) is an excellent material for high strength bolts. A4-70 and higher strength screws in small sizes (up to M8) are not … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolts & 316 Stainless – Galvanic Corrosion Risk - Q: I would like to use titanium alloy (Grade 5 / Ti6AL4V / 3.7164 / 3.7165) fasteners in combination with stainless steel (Grade 316L / 1.4404). The titanium alloy screws offer higher strengths than Stainless steel. Is it safe or is there a risk of galvanic corrosion? A: Titanium and … Continue reading →
  • Monel for Cryogenic Applications - Is Monel usable at cryogenic temperatures? Not only does Monel offer excellent high strength at temps to 1000F, it is also usable in subzero temperatures. Monel 400 has demonstrated good toughness and ductility in US Navy Tear Tests down to -320F.  In addition, K500 bolts offer increased strength, with little … Continue reading →
  • Comparing Monel and Inconel - Q: What is the difference between Inconel and Monel? A: Both Monel and Inconel are nickel alloys but that is where the similarity ends. Briefly, Monel bolts are mostly used for saltwater corrosion resistance and high strength. They also offer excellent resistance to HF (hydrofluoric acid). Inconel is known for … Continue reading →
  • Advantages of Monel Bolts - Q: What are the advantages of Monel metal? A: Monel bolts are a nickel alloy that offers many advantages. Monel bolts are extremely saltwater corrosion resistant. Monel can provide years of seawater service without corroding. Monel offers high strength, with K500 offering double the strength of Monel grade 400. Monel … Continue reading →
  • Strength of Monel compared to stainless steel - Q: Is Monel stronger than stainless steel? A: In terms of strength, there are many grades of steel and stainless steel. Some of them are even cold-worked for added strength. So to compare Monel to “steel” would be a very broad question – and  difficult to answer without knowing the … Continue reading →
  • Monel Pricing - Q: Why is Monel expensive? A: Monel is a nickel alloy. Nickel alloys in general can be expensive due to their high level of nickel content. In general Monel 400 bolts will be more economic and readily available than K500 bolts. Monel K500 is more costly than grade 400 because … Continue reading →
  • Can Monel Bolts Rust? - Q: Is Monel rust proof? A: Monel is one of the primary materials we recommend for saltwater corrosion resistance. Monel bolts are also the go-to material by the navy for marine and seawater conditions. In terms of water, saltwater and sea air, Monel is very corrosion resistant – so it … Continue reading →
  • Disadvantages of Monel Bolts - Q: What are the disadvantages of Monel? A: The primary use of Monel bolts is for saltwater corrosion resistance as well as high strength. Monel bolts are typically not used for harsh acids, with the exception of hydrofluoric acid – where they outperform almost any material, even pure tantalum.
  • Monel Compared to Titanium - Q: Is Monel better than titanium? A: Monel bolts and Titanium bolts have both similarities and differences. Both materials offer excellent resistance to saltwater. The only difference would be that Titanium has a slight advantage in stagnant seawater which can cause some corrosion to Monel. Both are the top materials … Continue reading →
  • Monel Bolts Compared to Stainless Steel - Q: Is Monel better than stainless steel? A: Monel bolts will offer improved resistance to saltwater over stainless steel. As a nickel alloy, Monel will provide much better general corrosion resistance as well. Monel is also known for its unmatched resistance to hydrofluoric acid which will even corrode pure tantalum. … Continue reading →
  • Monel Bolts - Q: What is a Monel Bolt? A: Monel bolts are made of Nickel copper alloy known as Monel. They can also be referred to as Alloy 400 bolts or Alloy K500 bolts depending on the grade. Monel bolts come mainly in two grades Monel 400 and Monel K500. Both offer … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Strength Compared to Steel - Q: Is Inconel stronger than steel? A: That depends on the Grade of steel and the Grade of Inconel.  Generally if all you need is high strength and corrosion resistance and high temperature stability are not import, Inconel is not the best material. However if the application requires a combination … Continue reading →
  • Differences between Inconel and Hastelloy - Q: What is the difference between Inconel and Hastelloy? A: Inconel bolts and Hastelloy bolts have similarities as well as differences. Inconel is focused on high temperatures with different grades focusing on strength, corrosion resistance and high temp oxidation resistance. Hastelloy C276 bolts are most commonly used for the resistance … Continue reading →
  • What Is the Strongest Inconel? - Q: Which Inconel Grade Bolt is the Strongest? A: Inconel 718 bolts are the strongest grade of Inconel. This is because after production they go through a heat treatment process which enhances their strength. Inconel 718 has a minimum tensile strength of 185ksi  and under special specifications this can reach … Continue reading →
  • Is Hastelloy Better Than Inconel? - Q: Which is the best material Hastelloy or Inconel? A:Though Hastelloy C276 bolts and Inconel 625 bolts do feature some similarities, they are different – and often used for different applications – so one is not BETTER than the other. Generally speaking Hastelloy bolts offer slightly superior corrosion resistance to … Continue reading →
  • Why Is Inconel So Expensive? - Q:  What makes Inconel bolts so expensive? A: What gives Inconel 600, 625 and 718 bolts their unique properties of high temp resistance, strength, as well as excellent corrosion resistance is the inclusion of chromium and nickel. These are expensive alloys and in current market conditions, nickel pricing is changing … Continue reading →
  • Can Inconel Bolts Rust - Q: Does Inconel rust? A: Inconel bolt grades 625 and 718 are not only used for the unique high strength / high temperature properties, but they also offer excellent corrosion resistance, almost comparable to Hastelloy. This means Inconel bolts won’t rust or corrode in many harsh chemicals, and acids, and … Continue reading →
  • What Makes Inconel Break or Crack - Q: Does Inconel crack? A: Any material can crack under the wrong conditions. This would typically happen if you expose the Inconel bolts for the following situations: 1. Corrosive materials or concentrations of corrosive materials outside their capabilities. 2. Temperatures that would exceed their maximum usable temperature. This may not … Continue reading →
  • Strongest Bolts: Which Metal or Alloy Bolt is Strongest - Q: What is the strongest metal for bolts? A: MP35N bolts are made from one of the strongest alloys available to industry. MP35N bolts offer a typical ultimate tensile strength of 285ksi and a yield strength of 277 ksi. As an expensive alloy, it is used for the most extreme … Continue reading →
  • Are Inconel Bolts Magnetic - Q: Is Inconel magnetic? A: Though any alloy containing iron can be scientifically considered to have some magnetism in certain conditions, Inconel bolts are not magnetic in an application sense.
  • Which is Best? Inconel or Titanium - Q: Is Inconel better than titanium? A: Inconel and titanium bolts are completely different classes of materials. Inconel bolts are known for their high temperature and high strength properties. Inconel 600, 625 and 718 are considered nickel alloys and are inherently very corrosion resistant to strong acid media. Titanium screws are known … Continue reading →
  • Who manufactures Inconel bolts? - Q: Do you know who manufactures Inconel Bolts and Inconel Screws? A: Extreme Bolt & Fastener is one of the suppliers Domestic and International providers of Inconel bolts, screws, studs, nuts, threaded rods and other fasteners. Extreme Bolt & Fastener offers Inconel fasteners in Inconel 718, Inconel 625, Inconel 600 … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolts for Strength of Grade 8 in Saltwater - Q: We have a fastener application requiring the strength of a Grade 8 bolt (per SAE J429) and the corrosion resistance equivalent of 316 SS (or better). This fastener will be exposed to a marine environment, so corrosion resistance is critical. A: If you application requires the strength of Grade … Continue reading →
  • Understanding A and B Thread Classes & Thread Pitch Classes - A&B Thread Pitch Q: What is the difference between an A and B thread pitch? A: An A Thread class or pitch signifies the outer threads, therefore an A applies to a bolts, screws, threaded rod and studs. Whereas a B thread class applies to the internal threading. B Thread … Continue reading →
  • When does galvanic corrosion happen? - Q: I want to use Duplex bolts to bolt down a Monel plate. Will these materials be compatible? A: When you mean compatible, I’m assuming you are referring to galvanic corrosion. Galvanic corrosion is when two dissimilar metals create an electrochemical reaction and corrosion occurs. Duplex and Monel can experience … Continue reading →
  • What is DFAR Compliance? - Q: A customer is asking for DFAR compliant bolts. Does this mean it is domestic material and does it mean it has to be made in the USA? A: DFAR (Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement) is a purchasing regulation from the US government, which was created to ensure that the … Continue reading →
  • Understanding Bolt Lengths - Q: What is bolt grip length vs the threaded length? And which is the total length of the bolt?  A: Neither the grip length or threaded length provide information on the overall bolt length. The length of the bolt is always measured from under the head of the bolt to … Continue reading →
  • Strength of Titanium Screws - Q: How strong is a titanium screw? A: Titanium screws are extremely strong as well as lightweight. They are known for their excellent strength-to-weight ratio. Grade 5 titanium screws have a strength of 148 ksi UTS and 138ksi yield. Titanium Grade 2 screws have a strength of 70ksi UTS and … Continue reading →
  • Uses for Titanium Screws - Q: What are titanium screws used for? A: Titanium screws are excellent for many applications. They are often used for their excellent resistance to saltwater and chlorides. Titanium screws can service many decades in even polluted seawater and are resistant to both stagnant and rapidly moving oceans. Titanium is also … Continue reading →
  • Titanium and Steel Bolt Usage - Q: Why isn’t titanium used more often than steel for bolts? A: Titanium is more costly than most steel so it is used for more niche situations such as saltwater and chloride corrosion, high strength applications that require lightweight bolting and medical applications where you need a bolt that is … Continue reading →
  • Disadvantages of Titanium Bolts - Q: What are the disadvantages of titanium? A: That would depend on the application. Titanium bolts are ideal for high strength applications – especially when lightweight fasteners are needed. Titanium screws are also excellent in saltwater and chloride conditions – among the best materials for these corrosion issues. Titanium screws … Continue reading →
  • Standard Angle for Inch Flat Head Screws - Standard Angle for Inch Flat Head Screws Q: What is the standard angle for an inch flat head screw? A: Flat head screws made in inch dimensions typically have a standard angle of 82°. This holds true per ASME 18.3 for flat head socket cap screws which are the most common.However ASME B18.6.3 … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Is Higher Strength than Steel - Q: Are titanium bolts stronger than steel? A: Yes, titanium bolts are higher strength than 300 series stainless steel. Grade 2 is approximately 2 times stronger with a UTS of 70ksi and yield strength of 50 ksi. Grade 5 titanium screws are about 4 times stronger than 316 with a … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Screws Breaking - Q: Do titanium screws break? A: Any material can break in the wrong conditions. Titanium offers excellent high strength:  Grade 5, 148 ksi UTS and 138ksi yield and Titanium Grade 2, 70ksi UTS and 50 yield. If the conditions require a stronger bolt, the titanium will fail. Strong acids can corrode titanium which … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolt Corrosion - Q: Do titanium screws dissolve? A: When you mean dissolve, I’m assuming you mean corrode. That depends on the situation. Titanium bolts offer excellent corrosion resistance to saltwater, chlorides and certain acids. In those situations, they typically don’t corrode. Titanium bolts can corrode in the presence of strong acids. This … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH in Saltwater - Q: What heat treatment would you recommend for 17-4PH exposed to salt water? Can I use H900? A: H900 is susceptible to chloride stress corrosion cracking. 17-4 with salt exposure should be H1025 or higher. And, best practice it to use the highest heat treat temp that works for an … Continue reading →
  • UNC vs UNRC Threads - Q: What is the difference between UNC and UNRC Threads? A: An “R” pitch can apply to UNRF (unified rounded fine thread) and UNRC (unified rounded coarse thread). The only difference between UNC threads and UNRC threads (or UNF and UNRF threads) is that the root of the thread – … Continue reading →
  • Carbon Fiber Will Be CONDUCTIVE - Q: I need a non-conductive screw. Can I use Carbon fiber reinforced PEEK? A: NO – The addition of carbon fibers into the polymer will significantly increase the conductivity of the material.
  • MP35N Socket Head Cap Screw Specs - Q: Is there a MIL spec or NAS spec for MP35N socket head cap screws? A: No, there is not an MS or NAS spec that covers MP35N socket head cap screws. For an MP35N socket head, typically we would offer per dimensions of NAS 1351 [or 1352] with material … Continue reading →
  • Determining if a Material is Magnetic - Q: How do I know if a material is magnetic? A: Iron is the element that causes magnetism.  Therefore, any material/alloy containing iron MAY be magnetic to some extent. However while all stainless steels contain iron, some stainless steels are magnetic, and others are not. The defining factor of magnetism … Continue reading →
  • What is a Jam Nut - What is a Jam Nut Q: Can you tell me what the difference is between a standard hex nut and a jam nut? A: A jam nut has a shorter height than a standard finished hex nut. Typically, it is half as tall as a standard hex nut. A jam … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 718 per NACE Specs - Q: What is the difference between Inconel 718 standard and NACE 718? A: NACE stands for the National Association of Corrosion Engineers. This group puts forth standards for corrosion resistant materials and when the NACE certification is asked for, the user is typically asking for NACE MR0175. Inconel 718 that meets … Continue reading →
  • Material Test Reports (MTRs) for Fasteners - Q: What is included in a Material Test Report for fasteners? A: Material Test Report for fasteners, also referred to as an MTR, is much more a detailed document than a Certificate of Conformance. Basically, it is a record confirming the material’s physical and chemical properties are per industry standards. This will … Continue reading →
  • Certificates of Conformance (CoC) for Fasteners - Q:What is included in a fastener certificate of conformance? A: A Certificate of Conformance for fasteners – often called a CoC – focus on the part dimensions, additional processing and compliance certificates.  It confirms the dimensions of the part and states that these fasteners meet any of the customers requested industry standards such … Continue reading →
  • European Standards for Material Test Reports and Certificates of Conformance - Q: My customer is asking for bolts with EN 10204 3.1 and 3.2. I have no idea what that means can you help me out? QA: EN 10204 3.1 and 3.2, as well as 2.1 all are European standards for quality certificates. The number 3.1 identifies that they require a … Continue reading →
  • What is the Different Between Tensile Strength & Shear Strength - Q: I’m trying to figure out what material will work for my application based on the shear strength. I see you published tensile but not shear. Do you have the shear strength for A286 and Inconel 718? A: Unfortunately, there is no published standard value for shear strength like tensile … Continue reading →
  • A286: An Economic Alternative to Inconel 718 - Q: I need a 12 point bolt for a vacuum application with low off-gassing, min yield of 120 ksi, low magnetic permeability and minimum operating temps of 400C / 750F. Is Inconel 718 a good choice? A: An Inconel 718 bolt will certainly work. The only other material you may … Continue reading →
  • Rolled Threads vs Cut Threads - Q: Can you explain to me what the difference is between cut and rolled threads? A: Cut threads can also be referred to as machined threads. The machining cuts away the material to create the thread form. Rolled threads means the threads are formed by pressing the parts between 2 … Continue reading →
  • Grade 7 Titanium offers Edge on Corrosion - Q: When do you use Titanium Grade 7 Bolts? A: Titanium grade 7 is similar in strength to grade 2 bolts but the material is alloyed with added palladium. This addition gives Titanium grade 7 bolts improved corrosion resistance in mineral acids and strong brines. This is ideal in salt … Continue reading →
  • Bolts Resistant to Hot Saltwater - Q: Can titanium handle hot saltwater conditions? A: Both grade 2 and grade 5 titanium bolts can be used in temperatures as high as 500°F (260°C). Remember as heat increases this can affect the strength of the material: https://www.extreme-bolt.com/titanium-fasteners-flanges.html#Mechanical
  • High Strength Monel K500 Compared to Titanium Grade 5 - Q: How does Monel K500 Compared to Titanium Grade 5? A: Both Monel bolts and titanium bolts offer excellent resistance to saltwater conditions. Titanium has just a slight edge on corrosion resistance to stagnant seawater compared to Monel – but this is minuscule. The main differences are strength and applications. … Continue reading →
  • Inconel vs Hastelloy for High Strength Corrosion - Q: Can Hastelloy bolts provide high strength? A: Hastelloy C276 bolts can provide about 107ksi of strength. They are typically used for high temperature corrosion resistance. For corrosive applications where higher strength is needed, you may also want to consider Inconel 625. Inconel 625 bolts offer 144ksi of strength and … Continue reading →
  • Bolts for Boiling Sulfuric Acid - Q: What fastener material is best for boiling sulfuric acid? A: Generally speaking, for 20-40% concentrations, Alloy 20 bolts will be the best bet for an economic solution. For all other concentrations in boiling H2SO4 you would have to use tantalum bolts, which can be costly. Though Hastelloy bolts work … Continue reading →
  • Forging, Broaching, EDM – Which is best? - Q: I am looking to get some socket head cap screw made – what is the difference between forging, broaching, or EDM’ing the sockets? A. Broaching is a machining process that uses a toothed tool (broach) to remove material. Linear and Rotary are the main types of broaching. EDM (Electrical … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolt Torque Range - Q:  Hi, I need a torque range for a A286 (aged, 160 ksi UTS) 1″-8 hex bolt. The calculator gives a torque value of 826 ft*lbs but is there a range that is acceptable? A: One thing you have to remember about torque, is it is an approximation. You could … Continue reading →
  • 17-4 H900 Heat Treatment Failure - Q: We have a drawing for a 17-4 1″ bolt that we would like to order which can be heat treated to H900 – H1050. Are there any heat treat conditions that we should avoid? I’ve heard H900 can lead to sudden failure? Is this true? A: With the 17-4PH … Continue reading →
  • 316 for High Temperatures - Q: I don’t see 316 on your sight but would you know if 316H material can be useed at 1500F? A: I believe 316H will survive 1500F without significant oxidation. However, please be aware, at that temperature, the material will lose a significant % of its strength. The material already … Continue reading →
  • PVDF Screws for HCl (hydrochloric acid) - Q: Am I right in understanding that polymer fasteners are  chemically resistant? I know they are not nearly as strong or temperature resistant as a metal, but our temperatures are ambient so would this work for me? A: For HCl, you would want to consider PVDF polymer fasteners.  These are … Continue reading →
  • Polymers for Coefficient of Expansion and Compression - Q: Which polymer do we offer that would have the smallest compressibility and minimal thermal expansion? We have a very precise laser application. So if the screw changes its dimensions with increasing / decreasing temperatures or loads their device may not be as accurate as it should be. Can you … Continue reading →
  • Number of Threads for Strength: Fine vs Coarse Threads - Q: I’m designing a process that must be able to handle a high load at about 1000F. I’m planning to use A286, but I now need to know what bolt length size to use to make this machinery stable. I’d like to use as short small of a bolt as possible so how … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 330 for 1000C in Cyclic Conditions - Q: Looking for a fastener to bolt together two HAST-X sheets that will be used as part of a furnace fixture assembly. Furnace will be used at temperatures up to 1000°C with cycling from 20°C to 1000°C and back to 20°C over a period of 2 days. This will be … Continue reading →
  • Understanding QQ-N-286 and QQ-N-281 - Q: My customer is asking me for a hex head that is QQ-N-286 per MIL Spec. Do you know what he is asking for? I’m confused. A: Yes we can help. First let’s look at the QQ-N-286. This refers to material Monel K500. Monel is a nickel alloy used for … Continue reading →
  • PEEK for Low Out-Gassing Aerospace Application - Q: We require materials with low outgassing (conforming to ASTM-E595) for use in a satellite and I have yet to find a polymer screw that could meet these requirements. Any ideas? A: I checked PEEK in NASA’s material out-gassing database. It looks like it will most likely meet the 1% … Continue reading →
  • What Does Specification ASTM F2281 Mean? - Q: My customer is asking for a 1/2″ bolt for a high temperature application to 1300F that is to the spec ASTM F2281. What material is this and what is ASTM F2281? A: The specification ASTM F2281 covers several materials including Inconel, Alloy 330 and A286. The spec does not … Continue reading →
  • A286 Tensile Strength of 160ksi - Q: Your strength chart for A286 says it offers 120-160 ksi tensile strength. What does this mean? And how can I insure I get bolts that are 160ksi? Is this the spec ASTM A453 Grade 660? A: We can insure you get your bolts made to this tensile strength but … Continue reading →
  • High Temperature Lock Nuts for Temps Over 900F - I am bolting 321 stainless steel ducts (we are discussing changing to grade 91 alloy but this is only a possibility), and want to use locknuts to minimize potential for debris. The application is at 900-1050F at the bolts, so I am not sure what locknuts are available at this … Continue reading →
  • Understanding Different Flat Washers: General Purpose, SAE, USS & Oversize - Q: What is the difference between a general purpose, SAE, USS and oversized washer? Are they all flat washers or different styles. And is one better than the other? A: General purchase, SAE, USS and oversize are all flat washers and all serve the same purpose of distributing the load … Continue reading →
  • FF-S-86 specification for a Flat Head Socket Cap Screw - Q: Hoping you can help me out. This seems like a technical screw that you may have knowledge on. My customer asked me for a 1/2″-13 x 2″ Long screw FF-S-86 TY IV, QQ-N-281. I’m clear on the size but what does the rest mean? I don’t even know the … Continue reading →
  • Titanium for Deep Stagnant Seawater - Q: I have a deep sea marine application that requires saltwater resistance and tensile strength around 125ksi. In addition to the saltwater and strength parameters, I’m also dealing with waters that can be stagnant. Not sure if that makes a difference. Would Monel K500 be a good choice. A: Monel … Continue reading →
  • Difference Between Worm Drive and Medium Duty Hose Clamps - Q: I’m running a process that requires a titanium hose clamp. I need a clamp that won’t damage the hose and provides a reliable seal as we are dealing with toxic chemicals in a very technical application. Is one type of hose clamp better than the other? A: A worm … Continue reading →
  • PEEK vs Torlon for High Purity Thermal Resistance - Q: I’m looking for polymer that can withstand around 400F for a high temperature sterilization process in a pharmaceutical application. In addition, I also need the polymer to meet FDA and USDA purity standards. Is this possible with Torlon screws. A: Torlon screws are a good high temperature polymer that … Continue reading →
  • PEEK for Low Thermal Conductivity & Strength - Q: I’m currently cruising the internet looking for the best way to support a ceiling via suspension from structural steel. We’re building a freezer, and I don’t want thermal bridging from the inside of the freezer up to the structural steel, so a metal rod is pretty much out of … Continue reading →
  • 310 Stainless Steel bolts compared to Inconel 600 bolts - Q: I have a high temperature application that requires bolts that can withstand around 1900F. There is almost no corrosive contamination – strictly heat and oxidation resistance are required. I see both Inconel 600 and 310 stainless can be used at this temperature – what is the difference and which … Continue reading →
  • Hex Head Bolt Compared to Hex Head Cap Screw - Q: I’m confused about the difference between a hex head bolt and hex cap screw? Is there a difference? A: Yes these are two different types of fasteners. A hex head bolt is just that: a bolt with a head head. It is typically used when mechanical properties are more … Continue reading →
  • Allen, Hex, and Socket Drivers - Q: What is the difference between an allen, hex and socket driver? A: All these drivers are the same. They can be offered in a socket head cap screw (hence the term socket), pan head and flat head. An allen/hex/socket drive offers a more secure connection than say a flat … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Hose Clamp for Chlorine Water Vapor - Q: I’m looking for a clamp for a drinking water tank vent screen. We work with many tanks but this tank apparently has a higher chlorine residual so the 304SS worm drive clamps don’t last long. The clamp that we fabricated was a little too stiff so there were gaps … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 600 Bolts Compared to Ceramics in High Temperatures - Q: I have a high temperature application that runs at about 1900- 2000F. Would a ceramic bolt be a good idea. I need to have some strength and Alumina says it offers 75 ksi UTS? Will that work? A: Ceramics are not often a good idea when their are any … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH Bolts per ASTM A564, Type 630 - Q: I have a question on 17-4PH H1150, do you know what the tolerance on the material strength is? Ie +/- 10% ? A: For a 17-4 H1150 bolt, we would use the ASTM A564, Type 630 spec to define the strength as 115 KSI Min Tensile, 105 KSI Min … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 vs Inconel 625 Bolts - Q: What’s the difference between Hastelloy C276 and Inconel 625? A: C276 bolts have an edge in corrosion resistance on Inconel 625 bolts. Typically Hastelloy bolts are the go-to in many harsh chemical environments and offer improved resistance most notably in hydrochloric acid. Hastelloy is also renowned for their resistance … Continue reading →
  • Nylon vs All Metal Lock Nuts - Q: What is the difference between a Duplex nylon insert and all-metal lock nut? I’ll be using this in an offshore marine application for salt air resistance and strength. A: The main things to consider between an all metal and nylon insert lock nut is the temperature and the corrosive … Continue reading →
  • NAS, and MS parts – What do these mean? - Q: My customer is requesting NAS and MS part numbers. What do they stand for and why are they important? A: NAS parts are National Aerospace Standards. NAS parts are best known for their precision and high strength. They come in all types of screws, nuts, rivets, rod end bearings, … Continue reading →
  • Alternative Material to Aluminum 7075 - Q: Can you suggest a different material with similar strength-to-weight ratio as the 7075, that can be produced with a diameter M3-0.5? A: Since an M3 bolt is too small to be produced from Aluminum 7075, I would suggest either grade 2 titanium bolts or grade 5 titanium bolts.  For … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolts: Preventing Galling/Seize & Over-Torque - Q: I need an Inconel 625 screw for a high temperature environment with trace corrosives. I’d need torx head bolt style. How many times can I tighten and loosen this type of bolt before I need to replace it? A: You should be able to get hundreds or even thousands of … Continue reading →
  • Dowel Pin Tolerances - Q: I am looking to purchase dowel pins but are there standard tolerances? A: Yes, tolerances for standard inch size dowel pins would be per the ANSI B18. 8.2 spec. They have a diameter tolerance of -0.00 / +0.0002 and length tolerance of +/-0.010. If different tolerances are required then you would want to … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts and Alloy 330 Bolts for Cyclic High Temperatures - Q: I need some suggestions on bolting for an application that is running at 610 degree C in a thermal cycling environment (Room temperature to 610 deg C). Is A286 a good fit? A: This will depend a bit on the loads you are dealing with, but one of the … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Bolts for Non-Conductivity / Galvanic Corrosion - Q: We are attaching steel to aluminum in a drainage pond application, and need to prevent electrolysis. The aluminum materials are degrading prematurely. Is there a non-conductive bolt that would work for this situation? A: Your best bet is if you can use a polymer bolt like PEEK. PEEK bolts … Continue reading →
  • Flat Head Screws – What angles are standard? - Q: I have a customer who is looking for some Inconel flat head screws and specifically called out 100°. Is this the standard? A: Flat head screws, also known as countersunk screws, are able to be manufactured with 6 different angles – 60°, 82°, 90°, 100°, 110° and 120°. The most … Continue reading →
  • Heat Treatment Options for 17-4PH Steel Bolts - Tensiled Data vs Aged Condition Updated 6 2018Q: I have a customer asking me for 17-4PH stainless, but says they need it heat treated to H1100. What does this mean? A: 17-4PH bolts are available in many different heat treatment options. This means that different heat treatments such as H1150, H1100, H1075, etc are applied to the … Continue reading →
  • Screw Creep at Elevated Temps – Inconel 600? - Q: I am currently using 18-8 stainless steel socket head cap screws coated with MoS2 in a vacuum. I am having problems with the screws clamping force is sometimes loosening and they sometimes gall and jam, due to elevated temperature (700° to 1000° C) and heat cycling. What would be the most cost-effective screw … Continue reading →
  • Coating Duplex Bolts for Sea Water – Is this needed? - Q: We would like to purchase Duplex parts. Can you xylan coat and Zinc nickel Electroplate them since they will be used in sea water? A: It is not practical to coat a Duplex 2507 bolt as it is stainless steel and will not corrode in seawater. Duplex will provide great resistance to saltwater, … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 718 compared to A286 for High Temperature Strength - Q: We are currently using A286 bolts per ASTM 453 at 1200F and are having some issues with durability as the tensile strength we originally calculated necessary was 130ksi but seems like we need higher strengths. Any ideas? A: In this type of environment you should consider A-286 in the … Continue reading →
  • PVDF Screws for Ultraviolet Radiation in Pharmaceutical Industry - Q: I’m looking for a polymer fastener that can withstand ultraviolet radiation, but is also FDA approved as this is for a pharmaceutical application. Temperatures are around 100C. A: For this application, a good choice would be PVDF fasteners. PVDF screws are both FDA approved and are ideal for handling … Continue reading →
  • Fastener Thread Class – 2A and 3A Threads, What’s the Difference? - Q: My customer called out a 3a thread for their hex head screws. Is this different from a 2a thread pitch? A: Yes these are 3 different classes of fit for external inch series threads for studs, bolts, and screws 1A, 2A and 3A. 2A thread class is a medium fit, whereas … Continue reading →
  • The difference between CL1 and CL2 in 316 B8M material. - Q: I have a customer who needs 316 Stainless Steel B8M bolts. Would Class 1 or Class 2 have a higher strength? A: If a higher strength is needed you would want to use Class 2. B8M Class 2 is carbide solution treated and strain hardened whereas Class 1 is … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Flange for High Temperature Furnace - Q: I was wondering if it would be okay to use the Tantalum material in a furnace with design temperature of 2600F. It is a heat treating furnace and I need a 4″ 150 ANSI RF flange. A: Generally due to its extremely high price, tantalum is produced as weld overlay … Continue reading →
  • Difference Between Hex Bolts & Hex Head Cap Screws - Hex Cap Screws and Hex Bolts – Are they the same?   While most think these parts are the same, they do have some slight differences. Hex head cap screws have a flat washer facing under the head that meet specific tolerances per ASME B18.2.1 whereas a Hex Bolt is flat … Continue reading →
  • UNJF vs UNF Threads – What is the difference? - Q: I have a customer requesting a UNJF thread for his Aerospace application. How are these different from a UNF thread?   A: This is a great question as UNJ threaded bolts are not interchangeable with a standard UN, UNC, or UNF nut. An internal UNJ thread will assemble to a standard … Continue reading →
  • Comparing the Titanium Grades 2, 5, 7 and 12 - image.pngQ: I’m working on a project that is using Titanium bolts for our equipment and we are considering a few different sizes and grade bolts; we are considering Gr.2, Gr.5, Gr.7 and Gr.12. What would you typically specify as the maximum tensile allowable (i.e. 2/3*yield) and the maximum shear allowable … Continue reading →
  • Studs: First to First Thread vs. Overall Length - Q: My customer asked for a Hastelloy stud that is threaded first to first. Is this important?   A: This is a very important detail. There are 2 options for threads on studs.  1) First to First and 2) Overall Length (or physical end to other physical end). “First to … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 330 Bolts for Heat Treatment Racks & Age Furnace - Q: Would you be able to quote fasteners, that will used to bolt together multi-piece heat treat racks cast from HX. The racks are used in both solution (water quench and polymer quench) and age furnaces. Our typical temperature range during heat treat cycles is 1300-1800°F but can be as … Continue reading →
  • Difference Between a DIN 6912 & DIN 912 Socket Head Cap Screw - Q: I have a request for a titanium socket head cap screw. The customer asked to have this screw made to DIN specifications but I found two DIN specs for a socket head cap screw. What is the difference between DIN 6912 and 912? A: A titanium DIN 6912 socket … Continue reading →
  • The difference between MIL-DTL-1222 and MIL-S-1222 - Q: I have a customer who requested a Hastelloy bolt per MIL-DTL-1222. Is this something you can produce?   A: Yes we can produce to this spec but first you should know that MIL-S-1222 has been superseded by MIL-DTL-1222. A Hastelloy bolt per MIL-DTL-1222 will cover MIL-S-1222 but the reverse is … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolts & Galvanic Corrosion in Automobile - Q: I’m using metric Grade 5 titanium bolts, washers and nuts for automotive application. Since the car will never be exposed to any salt water environments do I need to worry about galvanic corrosion? A: Galvanic corrosion is really only a problem if you have a liquid medium between the … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 600 or 601 Bolts For High Temperatures? - Q: For a high temperature oxidation-rich environment which would be better Inconel 600 or 601 bolts? A: For this situation it really depends on the temperature range you are dealing with because both an Inconel 600 bolt and an Inconel 601 bolt offer good oxidation resistance. Inconel 600 can service … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Gr 5 Bolts vs Super Duplex 2507 Bolts in Brackish Marine Environment - Q: I’m dealing with a brackish marine environment where fresh and salt water combine. I need a strong bolt around 120ksi of tensile strength and have been using Titanium Grade 5, but they are quite expensive. I was wondering if there is a more economic alternative that can handle this … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts for Improvement Over Grade 8 in Fuel Application - Q: I’m working with a high temperature waste to fuel application that operates at 1000F normally but could spike to 1200F. Currently I am using Grade 8 bolts but I am concerned about the oxidation resistance of them and their stability at high temperatures.  Do you have any material recommendations?  … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Gr5 verse Aluminum 7075 - Q: How does titanium compare to Aluminum 7075 in terms of strength and density. I need a really strong material with a low strength to weight ratio. A: A titanium bolt will be more dense than an Aluminum 7075 bolt with a density of  4.51 g /cm3 compared to 2.81 … Continue reading →
  • Titanium, Monel & Hastelloy for 100% Salt-Saturated Brine Water - Q: I am dealing with near 100% salt saturated brine water @ 195°F. I need material recommendations and price on threaded rod that will survive in that environment. A: Hello, with 100% saturated brine at near boiling temperatures of 195F there are a few materials that can work . Bolts … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Outgassing for Food Applications - Q: I have a food processing application that requires a polymer screw that can get hot – about 300F. My concern is outgassing in the heat that can contaminate the food chemicals. Is there something that will not outgas that can work for me? A: For your application I would … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy & MR0175 - Q: I work on oil rig repair and we are required to have Hastelloy bolts that meet the NACE MR0175 standard. What is this exactly, and do you offer these? A: To answer the easy question, yes we offer Hastelloy screws per NACE MR0175. Now for the my involved question.  … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Gr5 versus Monel K500 Bolts in Sea Water - Q: I have a subsea application that is exposed to extremely rapid moving salt water. Not only is it faced with these corrosive conditions but it must also be strong – 150 ksi  tensile strength – in order to withstand these rough waters and maintain the structure’s integrity. Can you … Continue reading →
  • A286 ASTM F2281 for Temperatures up to 1800°F - Q: I’m a purchasing agent and one of our engineers is requesting a 1/2″-13 x 2″ hex head bolt that is material A286 meeting F2281? What is F2281 mean? A: Good question.  F2281 is a national standards specification put in place by the ASTM. An A286 bolt that meets the … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 for Oxidation Resistance and Acid Contamination - Q: I have a process that is running at high temperatures that can fluctuate up to 1500F that requires not only oxidation resistance but also some chemical resistance contaminants. I had tried some C276 bolts for the stray acids but they don’t seem to be working mechanically…suggestions? A: A good … Continue reading →
  • Nickel 200 Compared to Hastelloy for Caustic Solution - Q: I have a process utilizing a high concentration caustic solution of sodium hydroxide. Would C276 bolts be a good option for corrosion resistance. A: They could be a possibility but you might want to also consider Nickel 200. Nickel 200 bolts find their niche in corrosion resistance to caustic … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH for High Strength Structural Application - Q: We are in the planning process for a structure that must withstand 160 to 165 ksi of tensile strength. Do you have any suggestions on bolting material? A: An ideal bolt for this application would be a 17-4PH bolt. 17-4PH is a material that is over 4 times greater … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH Screw for Strength Comparable to Grade 8 Steel - Q: Perhaps you can help. I am looking for a stainless-steel substitute to replace a standard SHCS. I will be fastening a stack of hydraulic valves onto a 6061-aluminum manifold with a 3000 PSI working pressure. I am not sure what the tensile strength needs to be comparable to a … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy for Formic Acid - Q: We are a producer of a preservative agent for livestock feed. Our process requires the use of formic acid. Any suggestions on an anti-corrosive bolt that can handle this acid? A: For formic acid I would typically suggest Hastelloy C276 or Hastelloy C22 but it always depends on concentration … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts for High Temperature use with 409 Stainless - Q:  I am working on two different exhaust systems based on 409 SS. I am looking for a 3/8-16 1” long bolt which can be fastened to threads in 409 SS. Currently, I am using Grade 8 bolts made from 300 M with Nickel Based Anti-Seize. The temperature can go … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolt for High Temperature Thermal Expansion - Q: I am looking for a bolt that will withstand working temperatures of around 800 degrees. We are having issues using grade 9 bolts that after multiple oven cycles we are having to cut the bolts off due to them being locked up. We need a bolt that will withstand … Continue reading →
  • Monel Bolt for Anodizing - Q:We have an anodizing process that sends low voltage current through aluminum bars. We have been using 316 stainless bolts, but over time the electricity heats the bolts up red hot, then we lose clamping force. The tanks contain a solution of 15% sulfuric acid, so there is some corrosion … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolts & Alloy 330 Bolts for Cyclic High Temperature Conditions - Q: I need a material that can stay oxidation resistant at 2000F in a cyclic temperature environment. Any suggestions? A: One of the best choices is Inconel 601, UNS N06601,which is highly resistant to oxidation up to 2200°F and can handle even severe thermal cycling. These Inconel bolts will offer … Continue reading →
  • DIN 912 / ASTM A1082 / Super Duplex - Q: My customer is asking me to find them a Super Duplex bolt that meets DIN 912 and ASTM A1082. What does this mean and can you help out with this request. A: Yes, we can definitely help you with this request. Super Duplex is the type of material. The … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Grade 23 or TI 6AL-4V for Biocompatibility - Q: I’m working on a medical prototype that requires a strong bolt that is biocompatible. I know I want titanium but not sure which grade is adequate for medical use. A: Typically medical grade titanium screws are produced from grade 23 or TI 6AL-4V ELI or grade 5 6AL4V. A … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 20 vs Duplex Zeron 100 Bolts - Q: I was thinking of ordering some Duplex Zeron 100 bolts for some mild sulfuric acid. How does that compare to Alloy 20? My alloy 20 bolts are suffering some mild corrosion. A: Zeron bolts do offer a higher level of general resistance to corrosive environments compared to grades 2205 … Continue reading →
  • A286 Protection From High Temperatures or Corrosive Conditions? - Q: I have an high temperature exhaust application that requires about 130ksi of tensile strength and is running pretty hot at 1000F. There are also some low concentration acidic contaminants that condense on the bolts during shutdowns, that have caused corrosion in the past on standard 316 bolting. Would A286 … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 20 Bolts for Oxalic Acid - Q:  Please recommend a material for use in 80 deg C oxalic acid solution. The titanium I’m using suffers, and dissolves. My hope is that C276 may work. We do not need high mechanical strength. I’m looking to order M4 and M6 socket head cap screws. A: Probably the best … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Bolts versus 304 /316 Stainless Steel - Q: How does a Duplex screw compare to a stainless steel 300 series fastener? Would they be better in a saltwater environment? A: A Duplex stainless steel screw offers many advantages over 300 series stainless steel. Duplex is offered primarily in two grades Duplex 2205 and Super Duplex 2507 (with … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts per ASTM A453 660 - Q: I have a high temperature exhaust stream that is part of an air-to-air energy recovery system that experiences temperatures around 1300F consistently and can go up to 1500 intermittently. I need to ensure that the bolts have a tensile strength of 130ksi. Can you help me out with this? … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Bolts versus Nickel 200 Bolts - Q: Because Nickel 200 bolts have much higher nickel content than Hastelloy C276 does that mean they are more corrosion resistant than a Hastelloy bolt? A: No. Though nickel content plays a huge role in corrosion resistance, however  there are other elements that contribute to the high level of corrosion … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Grade 5 versus Aluminum - Q: What is the difference between using aluminum compared to a titanium bolt for a medical fastener? A: Medical grade titanium bolts – grade 5 – have an incredible strength to weight ratio. They are 60% denser than aluminum but more than twice as strong. This makes a titanium bolt … Continue reading →
  • Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE): TZM vs Tungsten - Q: I’m working with a high temperature, bi-metallic bolted flange design. The steady state temperature of the flange is 1400 degrees F. The bolt is TZM, which has a lesser CTE than the thru-hole material. I’m looking for a material with a CTE less than TZM to use as a … Continue reading →
  • Nitronic 60 vs A286 for High Temperatures - Q:How does Nitronic 60 compare to an A286 bolt for high temperature strength? A: That depends on the strength required and the temperature of your application. A Nitronic 60 bolt is known for its high temperature properties up to 1800F. At these extreme temperatures it can offer good resistance to … Continue reading →
  • Super Duplex for Structural Project in Salt Air - Q: I’m looking for a bolt that can handle salt air and be structurally sound with a tensile strength of about 115-120 ksi max – do I require a titanium grade 5 bolt because I know they are costly? A: Probably not at that tensile strength. A Super Duplex bolt … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolts for High Strength Chloride Application - Q: I have a chlor alkali application that requires high strength of about 110ksi of tensile strength. Heat is not a factor but I’m concerned about the strength. Can you make any recommendations? A: For chlor alkali services one of the best materials is titanium. While a standard titanium grade … Continue reading →
  • A Duplex Bolt vs AL6XN in Saltwater - Q: How does a Duplex bolt compare to AL6XN in a hot saltwater situation? A: Duplex bolts are ideal for chlorides and mild saltwater application such as brackish water, salt air and moderate temperature unpolluted seawater. An AL6XN bolt will provide more corrosion protection than a Duplex bolt in marine … Continue reading →
  • Monel 500 Bolts for Hydrofluosilicic Acid - Q:  What is the best alloy to bolt to use in a flange on the outside Hydrofluosilicic acid storage tank? A: Probably the best materials for Hydrofluosilicic acid bolting would be a Monel K500 bolt. This material will give you the strength and good corrosion resistance to the this very … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 20 Bolts and Inconel Bolts for Downhole Oil Application - Q: Hi there! I have a set screw in a downhole Oil and Gas application that is experiencing cam out/stripping and seeking a recommendation for a drop in replacement. With 17-4 and stainless steel, galling is a real issue for us.  Also with the application being down-hole, if the screw … Continue reading →
  • An Inconel 600 Bolt vs an Inconel 625 Bolt - Q: Does Inconel 600 provide the same level of corrosion resistance as an Inconel 625 bolt? A: Not typically. For corrosion resistance, an Inconel 625 bolt is one of the more corrosion resistant versions of the Inconel alloys and it can withstand many strong hot acids. While not as corrosion … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Bolts for Hot Acids - Q: I’m running a laboratory process that will be exposing bolts to a variety of acids. I’d like a metal bolt that can withstand low concentration hot acids. I was thinking a Hastelloy C276 bolt may be a good option. Are there any acids I should beware of that can … Continue reading →
  • Carburization Resistant Bolts - Q: It says that Alloy 330 is carburization resistant. What does that mean exactly? A: Carburization is when heat hardens a metal. Carburizing is sometimes used in alloy aging processes when your goal is to harden the alloy. On the other hand unwanted carburization can occur at extreme temperatures which … Continue reading →
  • Oxidation Resistant A286 and Alloy 330 Bolt - Q: I was reading that high temperatures will accelerate the rusting of metal bolts. Is there a material that can prevent this. I’m using the screws at 1300F intermittently. A: What you are looking for is an oxidation resistant bolt. When a metal oxidizes it is attacked by oxygen which … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy and Inconel Bolts for High Temperature & Low Acidic Environments - Q:We are currently using mild steel with a black oxide coating and the bolts are breaking down because they are stretching under tension because of the heat, and corrode in various places from our acids.The acids we use here are Hydrochloric (HCl) and Sulfuric (H2SO4), both are heavily diluted with … Continue reading →
  • Titanium vs Monel 400 for Polluted Stagnant Seawater - Q: I’ve been using Monel 400 bolts for a coastal operation that is built in polluted, stagnant saltwater. I’m been having some slight corrosion – nothing drastic, but wanted to check if there was another material that would last longer. A: For this situation I would suggest titanium bolts. Titanium … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 vs. Hastelloy C22 Fasteners - Q: What’s the difference between Hastelloy C276 and Hastelloy C22? A: Hastelloy C276  fasteners offer very good resistance to strong reducing corrosive acids, as well excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance and resistance to localized attack. They are renowned for their corrosion resistance to various concentrated, hot acids and reducing environments, … Continue reading →
  • Will A286 Fasteners Gall with Titanium or Stainless - Q: I want to use A286 fasteners with our product (a force sensor). Will A286 gall with 6Al4V titanium or 15-5 stainless steel or 304 SS helicoils without lubrication. The customer will not allow lubricants. Thank you A: The biggest factor to galling is using similar material on each other. … Continue reading →
  • Bleach Plant: Titanium vs Hastelloy C276 - Q: We need bolts for a shutdown in our Bleach Plant where Chlorine Dioxide is the attacking agent. Is titanium sufficient or should we be using C276 bolts? A: Titanium bolts are typically more than sufficient. Titanium fasteners are renowned for their resistance to chlorides and chlorines – they are … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 vs Nitronic 60 - Q: Can you explain to me the difference between Inconel 625 and Nitronic 60 in terms of high temperatures?  Both seem to be able to handle temps up to 1800F but which is better? A: Well that depends on what you are using them for. Inconel 625 bolts are a … Continue reading →
  • Oxidation Resistance for Heat Treating - Q: I am interested in 1/4″ x 2 1/2′ bolts and nuts that can resist oxidation up to 2000F. The application they are needed for would be to hold together a steel frame meant to hold tool steel in position preventing distortion during the heat treating process. I would like … Continue reading →
  • Cryogenic Gaskets for Liquid Hydrogen and Hydrogen Gas - Q) I have cryogenic liquid hydrogen and hydrogen gas in my process and having a really hard time controlling leaks from flanges. All the gaskets I have used don’t seem last very long before leaking and cannot be tightened any further.  Do you have any suggestions for dealing with this … Continue reading →
  • Polymer Marine Lock Nut - Q: I’m looking for a polymer insert locknut for a marine environment.  Can you make any suggestions? A:  In your marine lock nut application, the polymer you should consider for the locking mechanism would be PVDF (Kynar). PVDF polymer in combination with the lock nut would perform very well in … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolts for High Temperature - Q: I have an application that needs an alloy to withstand 2100° F with no preload. Would Hastelloy be a good choice? A: Probably not. Hastelloy fasteners have a max usable temperature of 1500°F and is primarily used for corrosion resistance. For these temperatures Inconel bolts are a better choice … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 330 vs 310 Stainless Steel Fasteners - Q: What is the difference between alloy 330SS and 310SS bolts? A: Good question. Alloy 330 and 310 are fairly similar however there are some differences. Alloy 330 fasteners offer high temperature protection, oxidation and carburization resistant to 2100°F whereas 310SS maxes out at 2000°F. In addition, alloy 330 bolts … Continue reading →
  • Nickel 200 Gaskets for Cyrogenic Applications - Q:Hi, I’m interested in the JG/JP gasket for a cryogenic application. Can you recommend a material with the highest ductility as I’m concerned about the gasket becoming too brittle? A: To protect your process from loss of ductility, I would suggest using a combination of 316 SS and Graphite for … Continue reading →
  • Flanges for High Pressure Sulfuric Acid - Q: I have a high pressure application that exposes my flanges to sulfuric acid? Can you suggest the best flange and material for this situation? A: For high pressure applications weld neck flanges have a beveled end that, when connected to a pipe, creates a trough for a strong weld … Continue reading →
  • Gaskets that are Problem Solvers for Leaking Flange Joints - Q: Can you offer advise on a gasket that can help with leaking flange joints? A: If you have a process where you have exhausted all gasket options, try one of Revoseal’s gaskets in high temperature and pressure piping systems. Most issues with older piping systems that will no longer … Continue reading →
  • Lowest Gasket Tightness Requirements - Q: I cannot obtain an adequate seal with my existing metallic gaskets because my current flange and fastener maximum yield strengths will be exceeded. Any suggestions? A: JP/JG gaskets, with their unique design, offer and low tightening requirement across the surface of the gasket face in order to obtain extremely … Continue reading →
  • Gaskets that Reduce Piping Costs from the Start - Q: Can you suggest a gasket that reduces piping costs and how? A: For high temperature and pressure piping systems, the required clamping pressure or Seating Stress ‘Gb’ of the gasket in order to contain the process media’s measure of Tightness ‘Tp’ at specified levels of process pressure, is dictated … Continue reading →
  • Gasket Degradation by Exposure to the Process Media - Q: Do I need to consider using internal baffles around my nozzles to protect the gaskets from radiation and gas flow? A: With the Revoseal gaskets, there is no need to incorporate baffles into your nozzle designs, since the unique metallic gasket design isolates the graphite or PTFE sealing materials … Continue reading →
  • Flanges for Saltwater - Q: I need a high strength salt water resistant flange for a naval application. Will be in rapidly moving seawater. A: Here I would suggest a Monel K500 flange. Monel K500 is extremely strong as it is age hardened. It offers 160 ksi of ultimate tensile strength. Also Monel flanges … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Flange for Sterilization Process - Q: I need a polymer flange that for a sterilization process. It would need to withstand temps of about 300F. Any suggestions? A: For this situation I would suggest a PEEK flange. PEEK is strong to temps of about 500F and performs excellently in both high temperature steam and water … Continue reading →
  • What is the Revoseal Vario? - VarioQ: What is the Vario gasket design? A: Vario is not a unique gasket at all, it is an adder to the existing JP/JG Revoseal gaskets to add in centering the gasket no matter what pressure class flange that the gasket is being mated to. This save metal costs as … Continue reading →
  • Revoseal Gaskets vs. Kammprofile and Spiral Wound - JPLeakRateQ: How do the Revoseal gaskets compare in terms of leak rate to a spiral wound or kammprofile style? A: The Revoseal gaskets perform hundreds to thousands of times better than these types of gaskets. Kammprofile gaskets leak 765 times MORE than a Revoseal gasket and spiral wound gaskets leak … Continue reading →
  • High Temperature Gasket for Hazardous Application - GraphiteResidueQ: I need a high temperature gasket that can provide a tight seal to a hazardous application that reaches temps of about 1200F. Do you have a product that can help me? A: Yes. An Inconel JG / JP gasket can give you high temperature resistance at these temperatures. The … Continue reading →
  • Gasket for Dissimilar Flange Face - Mismatch ConnectionsQ: I need a gasket for dissimilar flange faces with an 8mm gap. Is there a solution you can provide to fit this issue? A: Yes. We can produce custom JG / JP gaskets that fit dissimilar flange faces for a tight seal. JG / JP gaskets could be made … Continue reading →
  • Salt Corrosion Resistant Titanium Gaskets - JPLeakRateQ: I’m using a spiral wound gasket and am having difficulties with leakage. Can you recommend something that can protect against leakage and handle a harsh salt-rich corrosive environment? A: For this type of application I would recommend a titanium or Titanium JG / JP gasket. This style of gasket … Continue reading →
  • Low Leak Rate Gasket for Heat Transfer Fluid Application - Revolution Main ImageQ: I have a leaking gasket that is in a heat transfer fluid application. What do you recommend? A: For this situation you may want to try the Revolution gasket system. Due to consistent sealing pressure it will offer you a far lower leak rate than an off the shelf … Continue reading →
  • Non-conductive Screw with Strength of Steel - Q: We are looking for a non-conductive  screw that gets close to the strength of 316 stainless steel, ideas? A: The best we could offer would be our glass fiber reinforced PEEK screws. It has nearly double the tensile strength as natural PEEK at about 22,800 psi. You could also … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Gasket for High Pressure Application - Q:Can I get the Eco+ gasket in Duplex Steel? I have a high pressure application A:Unfortunately Eco+ standard material of construction is 316L or 316Ti; however specialty materials like Duplex are available in the JG / JP design. This type of gasket can handle the most harsh environments – not … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Threaded Rod for Hydrochloric Acid Resistance - Q: I’m looking for  threaded rods and nuts that would need to be able to withstand a potential exposure to ferric chloride and constant exposure to 3% hydrochloric acid which could reach 31% in a rare instance, would this PEEK withstand these chemicals? A: PEEK fasteners work well with harsh … Continue reading →
  • High Pressure Gasket to Prevent Leakage - Eco Main ImageQ: I have a high pressure steam application that is affected by a lot of hammering (pressure fluctuations). What gasket design can I use to prevent leakage? A: For this application I would recommend the Revoseal Eco+. Not only does this gasket offer 1000x better sealing than graphite gaskets, its … Continue reading →
  • High Temperature Gasket for Cyclic Conditions - RevLeakRate2Q: I need a high temperature gasket that would be able to handle thermal cycling. Any ideas? A: The Revolution gasket is ideal for thermal cycling. The design of the gasket accommodates flange movement that can be caused by thermal cycling and vibration. The corrugated design of the Revolution gasket … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Gasket for Sulfuric Acid - Q: I have a highly corrosive sulfuric acid application that I need a gasket for a Hastelloy flange. Can you tell me which style gasket would work best? A: The JP/JG gasket would be the best for your application. Because it can be made from specialty alloys like the Hastelloy … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 600 Bolts & Alloy 330 Bolts for High Temperature Oxidation - Q: I have an application that requires high temperature oxidation resistance up to about 2000F. Any suggestions? A: For these conditions there are two options I would suggest. You could try Inconel 600 bolts which are usable to 2000F. They offer excellent carburization and oxidation resistance. Since your process is … Continue reading →
  • PTFE Screws for High Temperature Corrosion Resistance - Q:  I need a polymer fastener that offers the best corrosion resistance at high temperatures. I’m using a low percentage of H2SO4 but temps can get up to 300F. Any ideas? A: The best polymer fastener for high temperature corrosion resistance is PTFE screws. PTFE fasteners offer excellent corrosion resistance … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Grade 5 for Medical Implant Bolting - Q: We are researching a bolt to be used in a medical implant? Is there a standard material you can suggest? A: While there are a variety of possibilities depending on the requirements for the screw, a go to material for many implantable fasteners for good strength and biocompatibility, is … Continue reading →
  • C276 Bolting for Valve in NaCl - Q: We are using A4 stainless bolting on Hastelloy C22 valves for a process that involves NaCl processing media. We are experiencing corrosion. Can you suggest a bolt that would help eliminate this. Can you make any suggestions? Also could you share the mechanical properties of any suggestions as well. … Continue reading →
  • Tungsten Fasteners for Radiopaque Applications - Q: I’m looking for a radiopaque material for an xray application. I’ve tried lead but need something that is more intense that could be made into a screw. Is there a material you can suggest? A: Tungsten screws are excellent for radiopaque x-ray applications. Tungsten offers a higher density than … Continue reading →
  • Do ceramic fasteners provide strength? - Q: Do ceramic fasteners provide strength? A: The answer to your question is both yes and no. They provide decent tensile strength similar to some stainless steels(Aluminia bolts has a tensile strength of 30 ksi and Zirconia screws 75 ksi), however they don’t have any yield strength. Due to the … Continue reading →
  • PEEK, PTFE, & PVDF Screws for Sterilization Processes - Q: I need a polymer fastener that can withstand high temp pharma sterilization processes? There may also be chemical contaminants in the process. A: Depending on the temperatures you are looking at, the three options to consider would be PEEK, PVDF or PTFE fasteners. PEEK fasteners can be used to … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 926 Bolts for Improved Corrosion Resistance to 316 - Q: I have some 316 bolts that are experiencing slight corrosion from a mild chloride environment. I need an economic solution but a more corrosion resistant material. Any ideas? A: You have a few options here but you should consider a class of alloys called 6 Mo or 6 Moly … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolts for High Pressure Flange - image.pngQ: Looking for a bolt rated 320 psi for use at a temperature of  1292F on an Incoloy 80oHT flange? Suggestions? A: Assuming you want hex head bolts and Inconel 625 is probably your best choice at those temperatures. At about 1300F, Inconel 625 bolts (per the chart below) should … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 Bolts for Strength at 950C - Q: We are having issues with a high temperature flanged joint where the bolts are continually loose when they cool down the system. The issue to me sounds like the bolts are losing tension due to the temps being too high and softening the bolts so they are plastically deforming. … Continue reading →
  • Fasteners for High Temperature Exhaust Stream - Q: I have a high temperature exhaust stream that needs an oxidation resistant fastener? Any suggestions, my temperature is about 1400F? A: For this temperature you have a few options depending on the strength you need. One option may be Nimonic 80A bolts which are usable to about 1500F. Also … Continue reading →
  • PTFE vs PEEK for Hydrochloric Acid Corrosion - Q: I’m using PEEK fasteners in hydrochloric acid but am seeing a slight bit of corrosion or degradation of the fastener. Can you recommend a better polymer for resistance? A: For corrosion in HCL, a better choice may be PTFE screws. PTFE fasteners are virtually inert to most organics, acids … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screws for High Temperature Sterilization - Q: I have a high temperature sterilization process and am using PVDF screws. They seem to be weakening under the temperatures that approach 300F. Any suggestions? A: PEEK fasteners may be a good fit for your application. PEEK screws stay strong and retain their mechanical properties to about 500F. They … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 Bolts for 1650F Exhaust Duct - Q: I need fasteners for an exhaust duct where I want to use bolts to act as a stopper for a blast gate. The max temperature 1650F. Any suggestions? A: In this type of environment, Inconel 625 bolts would be one of the strongest and most temperature resistant materials you … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screws for High Strength at 400F - Q: What would be the highest strength polymer fastener I can use to 400F? A: For this application, probably the best option for you would be PEEK fasteners. PEEK screws are usable to 500F and are available in three levels of strength. Unfilled natural PEEK fasteners offer 16,000 psi tensile … Continue reading →
  • Super Duplex Bolts Compared to 254 SMO & Titanium - Q: I need a material with slightly more corrosion resistance than the Super Duplex bolts I’m using. I’m using them in heated salt water for desalination and over time experiencing slight corrosion. Anything that could withstand the salt water better? A: You have a  lot of options. One may be … Continue reading →
  • Strength of Hastelloy C276 bolts vs. A4 - Q: Can you tell me how the mechanical properties of C276 compare to the A4 stainless? A: That would depend on the grade of A4 you are talking about but as a rough comparison Hastelloy C276 bolts per ASTM B564 would have a MIN Tensile of 100ksi and a MIN … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 600 Bolts vs. Inconel 601 Bolts - Q: Can you tell me what the difference is between Inconel 600 and 601? I need a material for high temperature thermal cycling. A: Both Inconel 600 and Inconel 601 bolts are oxidation resistant at  high temperatures. The main difference is that Inconel 600 bolts have a maximum usable temperature … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Bolts vs Inconel 625 Bolts - Q: Can you tell me the difference between Hastelloy C276 and Inconel 625? They both seem to be corrosion resistant to sulfuric acid but I also need a high strength material. A: Yes both perform well in sulfuric acid application, but in terms of corrosion resistance, Hastelloy C276 bolts would … Continue reading →
  • Exposing PEEK Screws to HCl - Q: What is the max temperature I could expose PEEK screws to HCl? A: This depends on the concentration of the HCl but if you were at about 15%, the PEEK fasteners can be exposed to about 100C of hydrochloric acid solution. See this chart https://www.extreme-bolt.com/peek-fasteners-flanges.html#Chemical. That is the max … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 330 vs 310 Stainless for Thermal Cycling - Q: Can you tell me the difference between alloy 330 and 310 stainless fasteners? I’d like a more economic alternative to the 330 but didn’t know if 310 stainless could be used instead. I have extreme cyclic conditions running to about 2000F? A: If cyclic conditions are a concern you … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Screws for Bleach Corrosion Resistance - Q: We are using a bleach solution as part of a medical device application and seeing some rust/corrosion? Any ideas on a fastener material that will not corrode in bleach? Chemicals used are: 5.25% Sodium hypochlorite (or 10% bleach),  70% Isopropyl alcohol and Ammonium chloride A: You might want to … Continue reading →
  • PEEK for High Strength Electrical Insulation - Q: We are looking for high shear strength non-conductive flat head screws being used for electrical insulation. The screws need to have a high shear strength quality as other plastics screws we have tried have broken. Do you have a material you can recommend? A: With regards to a polymer … Continue reading →
  • Zirconium Fasteners for HCl Corrosion - Q: Can I use zirconium bolts in boiling HCl. Concentration would be about 5%? A: Yes, zirconium fasteners work well in hydrochloric acid but may be a bit overkill at that relatively low concentration but depends on the temperature and other media it may be exposed to. Zirconium screws do … Continue reading →
  • 254 SMO vs. Alloy 20 or AL6XN in Sulfuric Acid - Q: How does 254 SMO compare with Alloy 20 and AL6XN? Can it handle sulfuric acid? A: To answer your first question, I’ve ranked each of these specialty alloys in terms of their  general corrosion resistance to sulfuric acid: 1. Alloy 20 Most 2. AL6XN Moderate 3. 254 SMO Least … Continue reading →
  • PVDF Screws for Sulfuric Acid & Strength - Q: I’m looking for a polymer that can be exposed to low concentration of sulfuric acid. Which polymer do you recommend? I tried PTFE but they don’t seem to be as strong as I need. A: PTFE and PFA fasteners offer the highest polymer corrosion resistance but the trade-off is … Continue reading →
  • Moly Bolts Ideal for High Temperature Vacuum - Q: Are Nimonic bolts a good choice for a high temperature vacuum environment? A: That depends. Typically for extreme temperatures in a vacuum we recommend Molybdenum fasteners. Moly bolts have an extremely high melting point and can be used at much higher temperatures – close to 2900F –  ONLY when … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Steel Bolts for Brackish Water - Q: I’m looking for a material that can service a brackish water environment with high strength around 100ksi, would SMO 254 work for me? A: In terms of the corrosion resistance, yes, but for strength you are right on the edge of the capabilities for 254 SMO fasteners. 254 SMO … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Bolts for Nitric Acid Corrosion - Q: Which material would be better suited for a nitric acid environment (Hastelloy C276 or Inconel)? The screws would not be submersed in the acid, but in a room where the screws would be around the fumes. A: For nitric acid fumes Hastelloy C276 bolts would be the go-to material … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Polymer Screws for Sterilization Processes - Q: I need a fastener that can withstand frequent sterilization processes at temps to around 400F. I would prefer a polymer if possible. Also the process is pharma related, so the screws would need to be non leaching and may be exposed to low concentrations of chemicals. Any ideas? A: … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Grade 2 Fasteners for Chlorides/Moderate Strength - Q:  Hello I am researching titanium and C276 hardware for a submerged application in a high chloride (20,000 mg/L) elevated temperature environment (125F). Corrosion resistance is more important than shear or tensile strength in this application. A: Titanium screws should be a good choice for your application especially Grade 2 … Continue reading →
  • Lightweight Nut Similar Strength to Class 10 Steel - Q: I’m looking for a nut in a large metric size. I know I can’t get it made in this large a size for class 10 steel so I’m hoping you can recommend a material that can be made to an M16 with similar strength. A: If you are looking … Continue reading →
  • Super Duplex Bolts for Greater Strength over 400 Stainless - Q: Currently I’m using screws made of 400 series stainless steel for use in factory machinery that is moving in a circular path creating a centrifugal force.  Our existing bolts are breaking and we’re looking for a bolt with a more rigid type of material that will not break or … Continue reading →
  • Strong, High Temperature Fastener for Gas Turbines - Q: I’m in need of  hex head bolts for a gas turbine hot section application. These bolts would need good strength and min. temperature tolerance of 1000 degF. Any suggestions? A: A286 bolts are an option, but would be on the lower end of these materials in terms of temperature … Continue reading →
  • Monel Better than Nickel 200 for HF Corrosion - Monel HF vs Nickel Alloys revisedQ: Will Nickel 200 bolts be a good choice for hydrofluoric acid? A: For aqueous HF, Nickel 200 fasteners offer limited protection. If application requires a metal then you may want to consider Monel 400. Monel 400 bolts are the most resistant option for hydrofluoric acid in all concentrations up … Continue reading →
  • Zirconia Fasteners for Non-Reactive 2000C Application - Q: I am looking for recommendations for fasteners capable of operating under load at 2000C, in a mild vacuum environment. The material can be conductive or insulating just along as it does not react with carbon. A: For temperatures as high as 2000C, Zirconia ceramic fasteners would be your only … Continue reading →
  • Difference Between Grades of Nitronic Fasteners - Q: What is the difference between Nitronic 50 and 60? A: Both grades of Nitronic offer similar strength which is nearly double the yield strength of 300 series stainless steel (Nitronic 50 100ksi UTS and Nitronic 60 95ksi UTS). The real difference is in the temperature capabilities and the usage … Continue reading →
  • Understanding the Different Grades of Tungsten Fasteners - Q: What is the difference between the different grades of tungsten and why would I choice one vs the other? A:Tungsten fasteners are available in commercially pure tungsten (Tungsten CP) which is 99.95% pure. This grade offers the highest density, strength and hardness of all the grades. It is also … Continue reading →
  • Tungsten Screws for Radiopaque Applications - Q: I’m looking for a material that is radiopaque. Do you have any suggestions? A: Two materials come to mind. First is tantalum. It is often used in medical applications for its radiopacity. Tantalum fasteners are also bio-compatible and extremely corrosion resistant. The second material is tungsten. Tungsten fasteners come … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 Bolts For High Temperature Corrosion - Q: Is there a material you can recommend that can handle a high temperature exhaust stream which has trace corrosive chemicals? I’ve tried A286 bolting but am having some corrosion issues. A: When a process demands high temperature corrosion resistance, depending on the temperature and amount of contamination, you might … Continue reading →
  • Bolts for High Temperature Exhaust Stream - Q: I have an application with high temperature exhaust that requires a high strength bolt for oxidation resistance. Temps are pretty consistent around 1300F. Would Inconel 718 bolts be a good choice? A: Inconel 718 would definitely be one good option. Inconel 718 bolts offer 210ksi tensile strength and are … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Bolts For 37% HCl at Room Temperature - C276-HCl IsoCorrosionQ: I am needing to replace some hex heads and nuts on an HCL tank lid. It appears they were originally coated and due to a previous leak, they are starting to corrode. What would be the best alternative bolt type for this situation? HCL concentration is 37% and is … Continue reading →
  • Inconel, Monel & Titanium bolts for strength and high temps - Q: I’m in need a high strength bolt that can not only withstand temperatures of 1000F but also be exposed to chemical contaminants from time to time. The 1000F is the max, probably not the constant. Strength would need to be around 150ksi. Contaminants would be salts and some low … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Bolts for Oil & Gas Brine - Q: I have the need for a bolt that can withstand high temp brine byproduct from an oil & gas installation. Any suggestions? A: Depending on what temperatures you are dealing with Duplex Steel bolts may be a good fit. Duplex bolts provide good localized resistance to brines and chlorides. … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screws for Low Dielectric Constant & Strength - Q: We are looking for a non-conductive screw with lower dielectric constant / dissipation factor to replace a steel screw (Tensile Strength 70kpsi) in one of our products. So were trying to get to similar strength / properties to the steel screw to meet our torque requirements. Will a ceramic … Continue reading →
  • Tungsten Set Screw for Density & Strength - Q: I’m looking for a high density material that is also high strength. I need set screws for a weighted part, but they also need to have about 120ksi of tensile strength. Is this possible? A: Yes, for this type of application you’ll want to use pure tungsten or a … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 Bolt for High Temperature Chemical Processing - Q: I need a bolt that can handle a chemical processing situation where there are not only corrosive chemicals but also high temperatures that can fluctuate. Max temp is around 1200F. What would you suggest? A: Not knowing the chemicals you are using makes it tough, but for high temperature … Continue reading →
  • PTFE and Monel Fasteners for Hydrofluoric Acid - Q: I need a material that is resistant to a small concentration of hydrofluoric acid at room temperature? Can you offer any suggestions? A: Two materials come to mind. First in terms of metal alloys Monel 400 bolts are resistant to most concentrations of hydrofluoric acid. If you prefer a … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy vs. Zirconium for HCl with Contaminants - Q: I have a process that utilizes about 10% hydrochloric acid with trace amounts of other chemicals. I tried zirconium bolts because they are known for HCl but we’re burning through them like crazy and I can’t figure out why they are corroding. Any ideas and what other material may … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH Bolts for High Strength - Q: I have equipment that requires a high strength bolt. Temperature and corrosion are not an issue, solely strength. I had tried Super Duplex thinking that would do the trick, but I’m still having breakage. Any ideas? A: For an application that exclusively requires high strength, you might want to … Continue reading →
  • Titanium & Monel K500 for High Strength Saltwater Corrosion - Q: I’ve been using Monel 400 for a saltwater application but I’m having issues with bolts notwithstanding the application pressure. Is there a saltwater resistant fastener that can give me higher strength? A: Yes for higher strength saltwater resistance you have two options. Monel K500 bolts are an age hardened … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 330 for Cyclic High Temperatures - Q: I’m running a process that has a huge swing in temperature fluctuations due to downtime and maintenance. The max temperature is around 1500F. Can you suggest a material that can handle this? A: For processes that are faced with the dual dilemma of both high temperature and cyclic conditions, … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Bolts for DI Water Corrosion & Strength - Q: We need a custom bolt for securing a 304SS flange to a pressure vessel located in a submerged DI water pit. We have a few concerns/requirements. First, we need to ensure that galling and corrosion do not prevent us from removing the bolts during service events (between 1 and … Continue reading →
  • PTFE and PVDF for High Purity Corrosive Application - Q: We are having some issues with corrosion in a highly sensitive pharma application. I need a bolt that is corrosion resistant to both acids and organics, but is usable in a high purity situation. Temperatures can reach about 120F. Also, it would need to be a polymer screw available … Continue reading →
  • - Q: I am looking to eventually get a quote for some 3/8″ studs and nuts. I need to have a min yield stress of 29 ksi at 700F.  SA-540 Grade B22 Class 2 or SB-637 should work. Is this something you can provide? A: These are very different materials: A-540 Grade B22 Class … Continue reading →
  • Strength Ceramic Screws Compared to Steel - Q:  How do ceramic alumina screws compare to steel screws as far as strength goes? The load would most likely be tension, but some compression too. A:  If you compare 316 Stainless Steel to Zirconia ceramic screws, their tensile strengths are similar (around 75 ksi tensile) with Alumina ceramics being … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Bolts for Acid Contaminated Chloride - Q: I have an application that is exposed to mainly chloride but has some other acid contamination. Can I still use titanium to protect for corrosion. A: Though titanium fasteners are highly resistant to chloride – almost immune – they typically do not work well with many other mixed acid … Continue reading →
  • Tantalum Screws for Hydrochloric Acid Resistance - Q: We currently use Titanium screws, and I would like to know pricing and lead time to replace them with Tantalum screws to improve their resistance to HCL. A: What concentration and temp are you at with the HCl?  See the HCl Iso-Corrosion curve for Hastelloy C276.  Tantalum screws will … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 for 900C High Temperature Application - Q:  I have an application, which will be heated by radiant heat from below to 700°C to 900°C. The problem I am trying to solve is that the screws tend to fuse to the plate they are fastening. Black Oxide alloy steel is the best we’ve tried, but still very … Continue reading →
  • Monel Bolts for Saltwater Wharf - Q: We are installing bolts into a refinery wharf.  After doing a test run on a few A316 stainless steel bolts, they came back heavily corroded. Do you have an coating that can be used for salt water applications that would prevent this? Or do can you advise on another … Continue reading →
  • Vespel Screws for High Temperature - A. We  need a screw that is usable at 200C in air only, so no chemical resistance needed. I like the high strength of the Carbon Fiber PEKK or PEEK Extreme.  Will these work?A Q: Would recommend using either Glass filled PEEK or Vespel. Vespel screws are made from the … Continue reading →
  • Vented Screws to Dispel Contaminents - Q: I have an application where I need contaminants to vent. I want to limit the amount of atmosphere that is vented – can I specify the diameter of the drill hole in a vented screw? A: Yes, depending on the diameter we can produce vented screws that are per … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Spanner Screw for Security - Q: I’m looking for a unique type of screw called a snake eye screw. I noticed that you work with specialty alloys and I’m looking for this part made of hastelloy – is this possible? A: A snake eye screw is another name for a spanner security screw. Depending on … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy Tamper Proof Screws for Sulfuric Acid Protection - Q: I have a hazardous application that involves sulfuric acid. We need to prevent anyone from tampering with this application. Can you help me out with a solution? A: Yes. First regarding the sulfuric acid, you’ll need a bolt that can resist this type of environment. Depending on the concentration … Continue reading →
  • Vented Screws Provide Solution to Outgasing - Q: I heard their is a type of bolt with a hollow core that I can use to enable a faster pump-down on my vacuum system. Is this something you are familiar with or can offer? A: Yes this type of bolt is referred to as a vented screw. It … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Anchor Bolts for Marine Concrete Fastening - Q: I have a need for a marine resistant fastener that I can use to fasten equipment to concrete. Is there a bolt you can recommend? A: For concrete fastening one of the best solutions is a wedge anchor bolt. This style of bolt features an expansion mechanism which expands … Continue reading →
  • Wedge Anchors for Concrete Fastening - Q: Can I use a wedge anchor to attach a piece of equipment to metal? I need a high strength fastener. A: No. Wedge anchors are used to strictly for fastening into concrete. The anchor is actually an expansion mechanism which fans out and locks the bolt into concrete as … Continue reading →
  • Super Duplex Bolts Ideal for Strength & Seaspray - Q: I need a large quantity of fasteners that can offer about 100ksi of tensile strength and provide me resistance to seaspray and salt air. Is titanium a good choice?   A: Titanium grade 5 bolts will meet both these requirements, but will probably be overkill in your situation. For this … Continue reading →
  • Bolts to Meet NACE Oil & Gas Specs - Q: We’re in need of bolts for an oil & gas refinery. How can I be sure you your materials meet technical requirements. A: We can provide fasteners that meet NACE MR0175 and NACE MR0103 specific requirements for different metallic materials. When requesting a quote, please ask for all necessary … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy and Nitric Acid - Q: Can I use Hastelloy C276 bolts for protection from Nitric Acid? A: Typically this is not recommended. Though C276 bolts are highly corrosion resistant to many acids, it is not very resistant to strong oxidizers like nitric acid. Materials with higher chromium content like Incoloy and possibly Hastelloy C22 … Continue reading →
  • Tantalum Coating for High Temperature - Q: I’m interested in TZM or Tantalum fasteners and was also wondering if there was an option to have the fasteners coated to increase the use temperature in air? A: There really is not a coating that could be used for tantalum and molybdenum screws to increase their life in … Continue reading →
  • Nickel 200 Bolts for Sodium Hydroxide Corrosion - Q: We’re using sodium hydroxide as a water treatment chemical to raise the pH of water but are experiencing corrosion. Is there a material that can handle this? A: Typically for caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) corrosion, you might want to consider Nickel 200 bolts. Nickel 200 is best known for … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH for High Strength Applications - Q: Looking at options to increase the tensile strength for a socket head cap screw. We are currently using grade 8. Would Waspaloy be a good option? A: If you are looking for a fastener with higher strength than Grade 8 Alloy Steel (150 KSI Tensile, 130 KSI Yield), and … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts for High Temperature Annealing Oven - Q: I have require fasteners for use in an annealing oven for aa centrifugal fan (@1725 RPM) attached to a shaft with a through bolt and nut (shaft and fan are both SST). The environment is 1275 degrees F at atmospheric pressure and runs continuously 5 days a week I … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 Studs for Temperatures of 1650°F - Q: What stud and nut material should I use with a ANSI 600# Alloy 800 HT pipe class max temperature 1650°F. A: Given that you are at a high temperature and pressure I would recommend going with an Inconel 625 stud. This will provide the best combination of high temperature … Continue reading →
  • Large Diameter Bolt Torque Specifications - Q: Are you able to provide the assembly torque number for titanium M42 diameter bolts? A: The torque required for large bolts like this can vary GREATLY depending on the conditions, lubrication, surface roughness, dirt, etc.  The required torque can vary by as much as +/-50%.  However with that in … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screws for Non-Conductive High Impact Application - Q: Looking to change to a non-conductive material for use in a high impact application. Would Alumina or Zirconia ceramic fasteners be a good fit? A: We could certainly quote you some ceramic hardware, however ceramics may not be the best non-conductive choice for a high impact environment.  Ceramic fasteners … Continue reading →
  • Non conductive, cryogenic fasteners: PEEK & PTFE - Q: I have a need for a fastener for cyrogenic Helium (3.5K) application. Ideally, the fastener would be non conductive (electrically). Are any of the non conductive options you have listed good for cryo use? A: You might want to consider PTFE of PEEK fasteners. These are polymers that will … Continue reading →
  • Inconel for High Strength Sour Gas Applications - I am looking for the best available material solution for Oil&Gas industry with occasionally presence of H2S. For now we are using A286 but I am not sure about its H2S resistance. What kind of material you can recommend that is comparable to A286 and is H2S rated?   When … Continue reading →
  • Tensile Strength Options for Inconel 718 Bolts - Q:  Im looking for Inconel 718 bolts but I need a bit more strength than what is typically offered as a min of 185ksi Ultimate Tensile. Is it possible to make Inconel 718 stronger than that? A: Yes…Actually Inconel 718 bolts are available in a few different flavors. The most … Continue reading →
  • Monel Bolts for Improved Saltwater Resistance to 316 - Q: We are installing denso jackets around several steel piles at a wharf. The jackets are going to be held together by A316 stainless steel bolts. After doing a test on a few, they came back heavily corroded. Can you suggest a material that can handle the salt water? A: … Continue reading →
  • Monel Bolts Over Nickel 200 for Aqueous Hydrofluoric Acid - Q: I’m using aqueous Hydrofluoric acid in a silicon etching process but amy Nickel 200 bolts aren’t holding up. Is there a better material I can use? A: Nickel 200 fasteners are excellent for use in anhydrous hydrofluoric acid, but in the aqueous form of HF acid they offer limited … Continue reading →
  • Nickel 200 Bolts for Sodium Sulfide & Sodium Hydroxide - Q: I work in a plant that manufactures paper. We’re treating pulp with a solution containing sodium sulfide and sodium hydroxide to dissolve the wood materials and produce cellulose to make paper. Can you suggest a material that can give our bolting some corrosion protection and better longevity. Some of … Continue reading →
  • Molybdenum Screws for 1000°C High Vacuum - Q: We are interested in a fastener material that can work at 1000°C in high vacuum? Do you have any suggestions? A: For high temperature vacuum environments, a great material to consider for your fasteners would be Molybdenum screws. Molybdenum screws have an extremely high melting point of over 2600°C … Continue reading →
  • MP35N for Extreme Strength of 230 ksi - Q: I am in need of six 7/8″ diameter bolts, 9″ in length, that can withstand about 230,000 psi in tensile stress for infrastructure project. Do you have any bolt that can meet this strength requirement? A: When you are talking about extremely high strength in the range of 230 … Continue reading →
  • Nickel 200 Bolts for Chlor Alkali Process - Q: I’m running a chlor alkali process to produce sodium hydroxide. We would like bolts that have a strong resistance to the NaOH. Should I try hastelloy? A: In terms of caustic alkaline solutions, such as sodium hydroxide, your best bet would be Nickel 200 bolts which are known to … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Belleville washers offer high temperature strength - Q: Isaw on the website that you produce Belleville spring washers. Are you also able to produce these in TZM? We are looking for Belleville spring washers which can withstand high temperatures to 500 degrees Celsius. A: Unfortunately, we can’t produce Belleville washers in TZM or other refractory metals,but we … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts Ideal for High Temperature Exhaust Streams - Q: I’m looking for bolts/nuts material able to withstand to cycling temperature changes from 20 Celsius up to 600 Celsius. Strength is also important . Looking for something with tensile strength at least 800 Mpa. The application is diesel engine exhaust manifold. Looking at your web site not sure Inconel … Continue reading →
  • Monel 400 Bolts for Naval Assembly - Q: We are providing the Navy components made of Navy G Bronze that incorporates shoulder bolts and set screws. The assembly will be exposed to air, salt water, modest temperatures (0C to 80C), and limited stress. What alloy do you recommend? A: Sounds like a Monel 400 might be a … Continue reading →
  • A286 Bolts for Diesel Engine Exhaust Stream - Q:  Looking for bolts that will be used for large Diesel engine exhaust compensators in a power plant. The normal operating temp of the exhaust is 700 degrees F at full load. Loads do fluctuate often and engines experience downtime. The exhaust system does experience extreme force and vibration. Any … Continue reading →
  • Pure Tungsten vs. Alloyed Tungsten Fasteners - Tungsten alloy chart Revised 6 28 18Q: I see that you list 5 different grades of Tungsten on your site, would you maybe help me choose which is the best for my application? A: There are two important differences. First, pure tungsten screws are stronger. For example 99.95% tungsten offers 142 ksi UTS vs Class 1 … Continue reading →
  • Age Hardened 17-4PH and A286 Bolts: Strength & Ductility - Q: An application with limited space using a #4-40 screw with an assumed tensile strength of 120,000 PSI. This screw continues to break. Do you offer a screw with a higher strength? Also, This screw is used to hold a plate to the end of an air cylinder.  It probably … Continue reading →
  • A4-80 vs Monel K500 Fasteners in Sea Water - Q:  For a marine project will 316SS cold worked (grade A4-80) hold up in strength pretty close to Monel K500? And what is the price comparison? A: Thanks for contacting and good question.  The major difference is the strength and corrosion resistance. You will have decent strength of a A4-80 … Continue reading →
  • HCl Acid – Polymer, Zirconium or Tantalum Fasteners - Q: We have on application that utilizes an HCl tank and are currently using hastelloy C276 bolts but they are not sufficient. Should we try tantalum fasteners or anther material like PEEK? The bolts are for a flanged valves connections  concentration is 36%, temperature 45ºC. A: Though the HCl is … Continue reading →
  • 17-4 Corrosion Resistance and Strength? - Q: I need a material that offers about 80-90ksi yield but is also corrosion resistant to low concentrations of sulfur acid. I’m tried 17-4Ph but its not working? Any ideas. A: Yes, 17-4PH fasteners are excellent for high strength like you need, but are not really geared for corrosion resistance … Continue reading →
  • Non-Conductive Fasteners – Polymers or Ceramics? - Q: I need a bolt that can handle high temperatures and be an electric insulator? What can I use? A: That depends on what you mean by high temperature and what other issues you have like the strength requirements. If you are talking about temperatures under 500F, then you may … Continue reading →
  • Non-Electrically Conductive Fasteners – Polymers or Ceramics? - Q: I’m looking for a socket head cap screw that is 5/8″-11 x 5.5 inches in length. Need the material to be non-conductive and was thinking Ceramic Zirconia? Would that work? A: Ceramics like Zirconia screws are in fact an excellent insulator from electrical current. However zirconia ceramic fasteners are … Continue reading →
  • 17-4 Corrosion Resistance to Sulfuric Acid & Inconel - Q: Are there any materials I can use with the strength of 17-4PH in the H1150 heat treat, but with better corrosion resistant properties. I have low levels of sulfuric acid and chlorides that seem to be attacking the 17-4 steel. A: The best choice for both extreme strength and … Continue reading →
  • Inconel bolts vs Alloy 330 at high temps - Q: I’m designing a furnace vent system for a continuous service high heat appliance (NFPA 211). The maximum furnace working temperature is 2100 deg F; design temperature is 2190 deg F. Will Alloy 330 or 310 SS bolts and nuts work for me? A: You are at the absolute limit … Continue reading →
  • PEEK vs Torlon Fasteners for Non-Conductivity & Salt Water - Q: I’m looking for a polymer washer that can be used as a dielectric break between aluminum and titanium. It will also be exposed to salt water. Is torlon a good choice? A: Torlon washers will work in this situation, but there are probably more cost efficient solution for this … Continue reading →
  • When NOT to Use Zirconium Bolts in Nitric Acid - Q: I’ve been using zirconium to handle a nitric acid solution but am still experiencing corrosion? I’m not sure why or if there is a better option? A: Zirconium bolts offer some of the best corrosion resistance to nitric acid as well as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid, even at … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolts Trump Monel for Intense Chloride Applications - Q: Since Monel is resistant to NaCl does that mean it can handle a strong chloride situation? A: Monel is resistant to chlorides but, for strong chlorides your best bet is to use Titanium screws. Titanium fasteners are almost inert to all chlorine and chloride environments due to the fact … Continue reading →
  • Inconel vs 310 Stainless Steel Bolts - Q:  I have a high temperature application that can reach close to 1800F that requires not just corrosion resistance from low levels of acid and salt contamination, but I also need good strength. Would Alloy 310 bolts work? A: Alloy 310 bolts could be a possibility, depending on the strength … Continue reading →
  • PVDF Polymer Screws for High Strength Acid Resistance - Q: I have a laboratory applications that uses about 25% sulfuric acid at room temperature to 100F. I’d like to use a polymer rather than a metal if possible. I tried PTFE screws because I thought they were corrosion resistant, but they need to be replaced often because they can’t … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Screws and Chlorides - Q: I’m dealing with a moderate chloride environment but my temperature can sometimes reach 450F. I’ve tried titanium bolts but am having some corrosion issues. Is there another material I can use? A: There are several potential choices but as the temperature increases the corrosion rate and aggressive nature of … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Bolts for Reverse Osmosis Saltwater Corrosion - Q: I’m working in a reverse osmosis facility that purifies seawater for drinking water. We are experiencing some corrosion in some of our valve attachments which I’m assuming is from the salt water. Any recommendations on a fastener that won’t corrode in these conditions? A: Your best bet would be … Continue reading →
  • Inconel Bolt Fastening to Titanium in High Temperature - Q: I have an application in which I require a 1/2in-13 Hex bolt that will be in an inert gaseous environment at 500C. The bolt will be fastened to a Titanium Grade 5 nut. What material bolt would work best? A: I would suggest either Inconel 625 or Inconel 718 … Continue reading →
  • Tantalum Bolts vs Polymer Bolts for HCl - Q: We have on application in one HCL tank and we are using hastelloy bolts but they are not efficient. So I ask the quotation for material tantalum in metals or other material like PEEK, please advise what is the better solution. A:  It depends on the temperature of the … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH Bolts Galling Solutions - Q: We are a manufacturer seeking a fastener for an air cooled engine’s head bolt replacement project. The fastener would be used to hold a aluminum cylinder head. We would like to use 17-4PH but are concerned about galling? A: As you would be using two different materials, the 17-4PH … Continue reading →
  • Brittle Ceramic Screws vs Molybdenum in Vacuum Furnaces - Q: We are using ceramic screws in one of vacuum furnaces, they’re breaking due to thermal stresses. There is lots of thermal cycling. Are their any less brittle materials we can use?  The environment is low pressure with a max temperature of 1050C. Gases used in the system include: argon, … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 20 vs. Hastelloy C27 Bolt for H2SO4 - Q: I have a hot sulfuric acid application that utilizes approximately 25-32% sulfuric acid. I really need a corrosion resistant bolt but due to the vastness of the operation, I’m wondering if there is a lower cost option than Hastelloy. A: For hot sulfuric acid in your concentration range, we … Continue reading →
  • MP159 Screws for High Temperatures - Q: I’m in the testing phase of a new application that will require a high strength bolt that has a yield strength of about 220ksi. The biggest problem is that the bolts will also be exposed to burst of high temperature of about 1000F. Is there any material you can … Continue reading →
  • Preventing Fastener Galling - Q: I’m having issues with thread galling. We’ve switch to coarse threads and tried to slow down installation speed/over-tightening. Any other ways we can prevent this? A: There are a few other things to consider in reducing thread galling. First, when possible use dissimilar metals with different hardness. Having material … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Bolt Corrosion - Q:  I need some bolting to attach some surface steam piping for a power industry project. They’re using duplex bolts now but its showing some slight corrosion. Chlorides are involved and maybe some other contaminants. Ideas? A:  Surface steam condensers and other power industry elements that are exposed to salts … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Bolts or Duplex Bolts for Waste Water HCl Injection - Q: We’re making some changes in our waste water treatment process and are going to using hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a means of lowering the pH levels. Will I need to upgrade my duplex bolting? A: Assuming your waster water is at ambient temperatures the only thing you need to … Continue reading →
  • Polymer or Metal Screws for High Temperatures - Q:  I’m working with a process that requires a constant operating temperature of 450F. Do I need to use a metal screw or is there a polymer that can handle this? A:  There are definitely polymers that can handle an environment of 450F. One option is a PEEK fastener. PEEK … Continue reading →
  • Monel K500 Bolt for Salt Water Corrosion - Q:  We have some machinery operating in salt fog with sea spray as well. Salt corrosion is an issue but most importantly I need bolts with a yield strength over 100ksi. Any thoughts? A:  For this environment you have two options. First, with a yield strength of 110ksi I’d suggest … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Bolts – Sulfuric Acid Condensation - Q: I have a situation where I’m not only dealing with a hot steam environment which  can reach 700F but there is also sulfuric acid condensation that can form during cool down periods. Are their any materials that can handle heat and corrosion? A: Typically when dealing with sulfuric acid … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Bolts for Sour Gas - Q: I’m having trouble with corrosion of our bolts in a sour gas well environment and we are currently using a super duplex stainless steel. Can you help me with a bolting material that would be improved? A: Hastelloy C276 bolts are ideal for sour gas environments and would be … Continue reading →
  • PTFE Screws for Laboratory Corrosion - I’m running some laboratory testing in a mixed acid environment and would like to use a corrosion resistant polymer as apposed to a metal. I’ve tried PEEK screws but am still struggling a bit with some acids. Is there anything better? PEEK screws provide reasonable corrosion resistance to most acids … Continue reading →
  • Coastal Marine Corrosion of Bolts - Q: I’m running a coastal power operation and am having some corrosion on my stainless steel bolts that are outside. Can salt air do that? And any suggestions on a material. I need high volume so I need to go with something economic. A: Salt air can cause corrosion. If … Continue reading →
  • Duplex Washers for Salt Corrosion and Magnetic Needs - I’m looking for a non-corroding and magnetic washer for use in a salt water environment. Specifically, we plan to weld this washer onto a 316 stainless basket so that it can be attached to a magnet. Currently we are using 302 stainless baskets, which are magnetic enough to attach to … Continue reading →
  • A286 Shoulder Bolts for High Temperature - Q: I need a shoulder bolt that will not change its shape at elevated temperatures. The bolt is near a mild carbon steel welding process and is under a small load. It is not in the heat affected zone, but it does see an elevated temperature. I am not sure … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Fasteners for Sea-Water & Galvanic Corrosion - Q: I need a salt water corrosion resistant screw that will work well to fasten an aluminum housing for deep sea equipment. I am concerned about galvanic corrosion. What material should I consider? A: Since you are using fasteners in an ocean environment and in contact with aluminum you have … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screw Strength vs FDA Approved PTFE Screws - Q: I work in the food industry and need a larger sized polymer fastener sized 1/4-20 x 2.5″. I tried PTFE but it isn’t does not seem to have enough strength. It also needs to be FDA approved and offer moderate corrosion resistance. A: Not knowing the specific strength requirements … Continue reading →
  • Inconel 625 vs Hastelloy C276 in Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) - Q: We are altering the chemicals we use to regulate the pH level of our manufacturing process with hydrochloric acid. I’m using some Inconel 625 bolting – will this work in the HCl too?   A: Inconel 625 bolts offer a high level of corrosion resistance for many acids, may work … Continue reading →
  • Torlon Polymer Fasteners for High Temperatures Above 500°F - Q: I have an application where I need a non-metal fastener because of insulation and magnetic issues. The problem is that it also needs to be able to retain strength at about 520°F. Should I use a ceramic? A: Ceramic fasteners are definitely not necessary at these temperatures, although they … Continue reading →
  • Monel 400 Bolts in Seawater / Stress Corrosion Cracking - Q: I have some machinery exposed to salt water as well has drastic temperature swings. I’m concerned about corrosion but also a material that will become brittle. A: Monel 400 bolts are an excellent material for salt water corrosion protection and is a go-to material for many marine applications. As … Continue reading →
  • High Temperature A-286 Fasteners vs Molybdenum fasteners - Q: I need some high temperature engine components that can provide high strength (100ksi yield) to 1000F as well as oxidation resistance? Are molybdenum bolts good for that? A: Though Molybdenum is excellent in high temperature environments its generally reserved for very high temperature vacuum application where no oxygen is … Continue reading →
  • Titanium vs Monel bolts in stagnant salt water - Q: I’m dealing with a stagnant seawater situation. I’ve tried Monel 400 bolts because of its salt water resistance but am experiencing mild pitting corrosion. Any material that would fair better? A: Monel 400‘s only Achilles heel in terms of salt water situations usually occurs in stagnant waters where is … Continue reading →
  • Monel Fastners for HF Contaminated Industrial Water - Q: I have a process where I’m experiencing corrosion from my industrial water system. I’ve tried Hastelloy C276 bolts but they are corroding much faster than I would expect. The water only has low levels of Hydrofluoric Acid (HF). Any ideas would be great. A: Hydrofluoric acid is an unusual … Continue reading →
  • Titanium vs Super Duplex Bolts in Chlor-Alkali - Q: I’m running a chlor-alkali process and have been using Duplex 2507 bolts. I choose them for their yield strength and corrosion resistance but am still having issues with the chlorine. Ideas? A: Many chlor alkali processes use Titanium fasteners for its combination of high strength and chlorine resistance. Grade … Continue reading →
  • High Temperature Bolting: Incoloy 800 & Inconel 600 - Q: I’m running a high temperature ethylene process that will reach 750-850C. I need a fastener that is carburization and creep resistance. Also moderate corrosion can be an issue. Any suggestions on materials? A: This process is ideal for Incoloy 800H or 800HT bolting. These materials are designed for long-term … Continue reading →
  • Lightweight & High Strength PEEK Screws - Q: I need a fastener that is very low weight and offers good wear resistance for a robotics application. I need about 40 ksi in strength. A: For your application I would actually suggest an engineered polymer fasteners since your strength requirement isn’t high enough to necessitate a metal . … Continue reading →
  • Incoloy Bolts for High Temperatures - Q: I have a need for a high temperature bolts that will be used in continuous heat at about 1000F. Any suggestions? Also, will fluctuations in temperature cause breakage? A: One of the best materials for long-term continual exposure to high temperatures are Incoloy bolts. The Incoloy 800 series will … Continue reading →
  • High Strength Fasteners for Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) - Q: I’m in need of a high strength fastener that can withstand moderate concentrations of hydrochloric acid (HCl) 25%? Can I use Hastelloy Bolts? I need a bolt that can handle a yield of about 100ksi and temperatures around 100F. A: Hastelloy bolts are definitely ideal in this concentration of … Continue reading →
  • Titanium Grade 5 Screws for High Strength, Non-Magnetic Application - Q: I work in the fusion technology field, specifically in a plasma physics laboratory. We are currently using a large number of A-286 screws. The screws have to withstand the high pre-loads required to insure the ultra high vacuum tightness of our facilities (generating stresses in the screws of up … Continue reading →
  • PEEK vs Ceramic Fasteners for Strength & Electrical Resistance - Q: I am looking for some high tensile strength studs with good electricity resistance. I think zirconia of aluminia material will be suitable but I am open for suggestions. The studs would be about 5 inches long. A: Probably ceramics fasteners are not the best choice for this situation. It … Continue reading →
  • 17-4PH Bolts for Strength & Ductility - Q: Hello, I currently have an application that requires high strength set screws. One of our machines uses air cylinders with threaded shaft ends made of alloy steel set screws. The set screws are actually shearing off in our application, causing damage to the cylinders and equipment. I am looking … Continue reading →
  • Monel 400 Bolts for Caustic Solutions? - Q: I’m using a caustic soda solution to remove sulfur in a petroleum refinery. The steel bolts are NOT cutting it. Any suggestions? I don’t have a huge budget, so I’m hoping I don’t need Hastelloy or Tantalum fasteners? A: Nope…You don’t need anything that highly priced. For this situation … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 20 Bolts for Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) - Q: I’m running a cotton mercerizing process that is being altered to utilize sulfuric acid. I didn’t realize how corrosive using sulfuric acid (H2So4) is on my fasteners. Any ideas on how to protect my bolts. Not super hot, just corrosive. A: Alloy 20 bolts are a good choice for … Continue reading →
  • Corrosion Resistant Fasteners for H2SO4 & Nitric Acid - Q: I’m producing nitrobenzene to be used in dye manufacturing. The nitrobenzene is prepared by the nitration of benzene with a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid, water, and nitric acid. I’ve tried Hastelloy C276 but its not working so well. A: Hastelloy C276 works very well in sulfuric acid which … Continue reading →
  • Titanium or AL6XN Fasteners for Salt Water & Acids - Q: We’re setting up a salt brine application for a chemical project. There may be some minimal exposure to some acids. Can I uses titanium bolts? A: Titanium Gr2 and Titanium Gr5 (6Al-4V) fasteners are excellent for almost all salt related environments, but here since you may have exposure to … Continue reading →
  • Molybdenum bolts for high temperature furnace - Q: I’m hoping you can help me with a high temperature issue. I’m running an ammonia plant where gases, along with hot air are heated to temps of 1800-2000F. The secondary reformer unit is made of carbon steel with refractory lining. I need bolting that can survive these temps so … Continue reading →
  • A-286 Bolts to Combat Stress Relaxing & Creep - Q:  Hi, I need a 1.25” X 15” bolt that can operate in continuous temperatures of 1000F. Currently we are using a heat treated carbon based 4140 fabricated machined bolt. At these temps the bolts are “Stress Relaxing” and we are losing our clamping pressure. In addition, when we change … Continue reading →
  • Bolts for Hydrofluoric and nitric acid: Hastelloy & Monel - Q:  I’m running a chemical cleaning process on stainless steel to remove the oxides and to enrich the chromium depleted areas again surface. It’s an acid pickling process, where mixtures of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and nitric acid (HNO3) are used. I’ve tried Hastelloy C276 bolting on my tanks because I thought … Continue reading →
  • Difference between Waspaloy and Inconel 718 fasteners - I have a high temperature and strength application when would I choose Waspaloy bolts verses Inconel 718 bolts? Great question. Waspaloy and Inconel 718 bolts are both excellent in high temperature strength situations. In terms of strength, Inconel 718 has a edge over Waspaloy offering 210 ksi (ultimate tensile strength) … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy: Fasteners for phosphoric and sulfuric acid process - Q: I’m using a pretty corrosive wet process to produce phosphoric acid. It involves taking phosphate rock and the addition of concentrated (93%) sulfuric acid in a series of well-stirred reactor. Any ideas on bolting that won’t corrode my bolts and fasteners? A: Since your process is exposed to both … Continue reading →
  • Bolts for Steel Pickling in HCl: Hastelloy and Tantalum - Q: I’m using HCl in a pickling process and have used Hastelloy C276 bolts to protect my equipment but am still having corrosion issues. Any ideas? A: In pickling processes ferric chloride is created which is a strong oxidizer and most pickling process are at elevated temperatures – Hastelloy C276 … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 Fasteners for Flue Gas Desulfurization Scrubbers - Q: I’m operating a FGD (Flue Gas Desulphurization) plant and am experiencing some mild corrosion on my scrubber bolting. I’m currently using Incoloy 825 bolts. It’s mild corrosion but non-the-less I’d like to have it cleared up before I get additional issues. Any suggestions? A: Since scrubber liquids and gases … Continue reading →
  • PEEK Screws for Steam & Radiation Sterilization Processes - Q:  I have a question regarding a type of fastener that can handle sterilization. What I need is a polymer if possible that can handle both steam and radiation sterilization processes, but doesn’t leach into my process. Contamination is an issue. A:  You can definitely use a polymer for this … Continue reading →
  • Over-sizing nuts to compensate for coated bolts - Q:  We have a corrosive application and we are debating on using coated carbon steel bolts and nuts or a solid corrosion resistant alloy. Obviously the coatings cost a lot less but we are unsure about how the coatings affect mechanical strength. A:  Coated bolts and nuts are typically undersized … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy vs Tantalum Bolts for Sulfuric Acid Corrosion in Lithium Extraction - Q:  I’m running a lithium extraction process where a mineral called spodumene is roasted in a mixture of sulphuric acid (95-97%) at at about 150°C to form lithium sulfate. I’ve to use Hastelloy C276 for some process equipment but I’m still experiencing corrosion. Please help. A:  Hastelloy C276 bolts typically … Continue reading →
  • Galvanic corrosion between Inconel fasteners and Monel in seawater - Q:  I am considering using Inconel 718 fasteners with a Monel K-500 flange in seawater. I’m concered as Inconel is the more anodic of the two and is also has a smaller surface area. Would this cause galvanic corrosion? A:  This is a great question. In this case if you plan … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy fasteners for HCL & H2SO4 in Municipal Waste Incinerator - Q:  I’m running a municipal solid waste incinerator and am having trouble corrosion from a combination of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid that is derived from chloride and sulfur containing compounds in the waste fuel stream. I was using Duplex steel bolts for the chloride corrosion but they aren’t holding up … Continue reading →
  • Bolts for municipal waste incinerator: Hastelloy protects from HCl corrosion - Q:  I’m running a municipal solid waste incinerator and am having trouble with corrosion from a combination of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid that is derived from chloride and sulfur containing compounds in the waste fuel stream. I was using Duplex steel bolts for the chloride corrosion but they aren’t holding … Continue reading →
  • Titanium bolts: Light weight fasteners that are stronger than aluminum - Q:  I have a lightweight application that requires high strength. I’ve tried aluminum screws because I thought they were ultra lightweight but after breaking I increased my bolt size and now I have more weight and still breakage. No sure what to do. A:  Yes aluminum is a lightweight material … Continue reading →
  • PEEK screws for high temperature to 400F & corrosion resistance - Q:  I’m designing laboratory equipment that will be utilized at 325-400F and I need screws that have immunity to organics and low concentrations of acids, as well be FDA approved. Would that be a ceramic? A:  You probably don’t want a ceramic screw. Though they are corrosion resistant and offer … Continue reading →
  • Inconel & Alloy 330 bolts for high temperature strength - Q: My customer is having an issue with his stainless steel fastener bending. They are being used in a high-heat application running at approximately 1600F. Is this normal? Any ideas? A: This is definitely expected at these temperatures. If temperature and strength are you main focus, I would suggest either … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy bolts for hydro-treating with sour gas – H2S - Q: I’m running a hydro-treating process that is running at 350-390°C where we’re producing H2S and NH3. Any ideas on a bolt that can handle the temperature and chemicals? A: In this type of process you having to deal with high temperatures and the formation of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) from the H2S especially … Continue reading →
  • Duplex 2507 bolts for high strength application in salt air - Q: I have a high strength application that requires resistance to damp salt air and occasional sea splash, I’m using Monel 400 but it’s not holding up the the 75ksi of yield I need. Lots of broken bolts? Is is corrosion or  strength? Thoughts? A: Your issue isn’t the corrosion. … Continue reading →
  • AL6XN vs Monel bolts for salt water and marine use - Q: Is AL6XN a steel or nickel alloy? Trying to figure out if it would perform as well as Monel in seawater. A: To answer your first question, AL6XN bolts are actually both a nickel and a steel alloy. AL6XN is often described as a high nickel content stainless alloy. Though … Continue reading →
  • Incoloy 825 vs Hastelloy C276 for Sour Gas - Q: I need bolts for a well pump exposed to sour gas? I’ve currently use Incoloy 825 bolts which works reasonably well, but I’m wondering if there is a better choice that is more economical and could offer equal or better corrosion resistance – any ideas? A: A great nickel alloy bolt … Continue reading →
  • Bolt resistant to sodium hypochlorite with 80ksi yield strength - Q: I’m looking for guidance on fasteners with good resistance exposure to sodium hypochlorite. The material would need to be bleach-resistance, but also have a tensile yield strength of over 80ksi.
  • High temperature fastener for furnace up to 3000F - Q: I am looking for a suitable fastener for use in a high heat furnace that is running at 2000F but the actual hearth wear flames go up to 3000F. The furnace is not under vacuum and has a normal atmosphere. We are finding that the 304 bolts are failing … Continue reading →
  • High temperature bolt for sulfur & chloride gas corrosion resistance - Q: I have a high temperature application which is exposed to sulfur and chloride gasses. We’re operating at between 1200° and 1400°F. Any suggestions on a bolt material to consider? A: To deal with both sulfuric/chloride atmospheres as well as high temperatures, you may want to consider Incoloy 800HT bolts … Continue reading →
  • Non-metal fastener for hydrochloric acid - Q: I’m building some lab equipment what will be housing hydrochloric acid. I need a non-metal fastener that is corrosion resistant . Can you make a recommendation? A: In terms of a material that is not metallic and can handle hydrochloric acid, I would suggest either PTFE or PVDF. PTFE … Continue reading →
  • Corrosion resistance of Inconel 625 bolts vs Hastelloy C276 - Q: Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C276 bolts seem to have similar Nickel content. Does this mean these fasteners will perform the same in a corrosive environment? A: Inconel 625 and Hastelloy C276 bolts do offer similar corrosion resistance but Hastelloy C276 has a slight edge in many acidic environements, especially … Continue reading →
  • Alloy 20 fasteners for sulfuric acid corrosion - Q: I’m working with boiling sulfuric acid and tried Alloy 20 for some of my bolting but am having corrosion. I’m confused as I thought that is what they are best for. Any suggestions. A: You are right Alloy 20 does typically perform very well in sulfuric acid and even … Continue reading →
  • Incoloy 925 bolts for sour gas & chloride application - Q: I have down hole application containing sour gas and high chloride levels. The temperature the bolts are exposed to is around 150F and I’m having trouble with cracking. I tried Super Duplex 2507 but am still having issues. Any ideas? A: Super Duplex 2507 does provide good resistance to … Continue reading →
  • Yield strength difference between MP35N and A286 bolts - Q: I need high yield strength material what is the difference between MP35N and A286? Which is more economic? A: Overall MP35N is perhaps the highest yield strength bolt material available to industry with a typical yield of 250 ksi compared to A286’s 111 ksi; though it is extremely expensive. A286 … Continue reading →
  • Bolt for hot hydrogen sulfide, CO2, hydrocarbons & salt water - Q: I need a material that will be suitable for oil and gas use. Submersion in hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, salt water at temperatures up to 325F. Crevice corrosion has been a factor. Also need 170ksi min tensile strength. Plus we’d like to torque a 3/8-24 fastener to 50 … Continue reading →
  • Fastener for cyrogenic application - Q: I need to attach an LNG cryogenic pump and need to make sure I use a material that can withstand temperatures of –120 °F as well as don’t embrittle when fluctuating back to room temperature. Any suggestions? A:  Monel K500 is a common choice for  cyrogenic fasteners. It can … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C276 bolts in hot sulfuric acid - Inline image 1Q: I was planning on using Hastelloy C276 in hot sulfuric acid. It would be approximately 50% concentration around 100F +/- 10 degrees. Will this be okay? I’m just concerned because I read that it cannot handle strong oxidizing environments and I’ll be using it in an application where its … Continue reading →
  • Polymer screw for high vacuum, usable to 150C - Q: I have an application where I need pan head, insulating, high vacuum compatible, screw. It will also need to be usable at a service temperature up to 150C. Do I need a ceramic? A: Though ceramics are excellent insulators, they are usually only used for high temperature applications, where … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C22 bolts for hydrochloric acid steel pickling - Q: We are running a steel pickling process are considering switching from a sulfuric acid process to hydrochloric acid. Our system currently uses Inconel 625 bolting. With this be sufficient? A: Inconel 625 is a good material for acid corrosion but for large system of hydrochloric acid, especially with the … Continue reading →
  • Why ceramic bolts don’t have yield strength - Q: I was looking at your site and noticed that the ceramics don’t have a yield strength. What does that mean? A:  Metals and plastic have yield strengths because they start to stretch before breaking… the point where they start stretching is the “yield point” and the stress at that … Continue reading →
  • Polymer screw resistant to chlorine and chlorine dioxide - Q: I’m looking for a chemically resistant polymer that can withstand chlorine and chlorine dioxide as well as a decent amount of weight and tension (around 27 lbs of weigh). Can you suggest a material? A: Of course it depends on the concentrations and temperatures you are operating at but generally … Continue reading →
  • Embrittlement of Tantalum bolts at high temperatures - Q: I chose Tantalum bolts for their corrosion resistance and high temperature capabilities and they are breaking. I’m running an application that fluctuates between 350 Celcius where there could be concentrated sulfuric acid contamination. I thought these would be excellent with high temperature acid exposure. Can you help me? I … Continue reading →
  • Duplex 2507 bolts for salt air corrosion resistance - Q: I’m working on a structural project that not submerged in salt water but exposed to moist salt air. I’m not only concerned about the supports having fasteners that won’t corrode but also having a fastener that is high strength. Any suggestions. A: Though I don’t know the specific strength … Continue reading →
  • Zirconium fasteners exposed to downstream oxidizers - Q: I’m using zirconium fasteners in a sulfuric acid process but they are showing corrosion. I’m not sure why as I’m well below boiling and only using 40% concentration. There may be some downstream contaminants, but not much. Any ideas? A: It is most likely the contaminants that are causing … Continue reading →
  • Duplex bolts in sea water contaminated steam turbine - Q: I’m running a steam surface condenser which is installed on a steam turbine in a thermal power station. I’m using sea water that could be contaminated with chemical pollutants cooling water side of the condenser. Any ideas on a good fastener for the tubes and water boxes? A: Duplex 2205 … Continue reading →
  • Tantalum vs Monel fasteners in hydrogen fluoride - Q: I’m using hydrogen fluoride used in a manufacturing process to make refrigerants. I know it’s very corrosive and have tried both hastelloy and inconel fasteners, which I thought were super corrosion resistant. What am I doing wrong because the acid is still eating them? Should I try Tantalum? A: … Continue reading →
  • Duplex 2507: Bolts for geothermal drilling exposed to sulfur and salt - Q: I’m working on a on a geothermal energy drilling project. Carbon steel we’re currently using to bolt drilling components is failing from corrosion. We have corrosive an environment with high levels of sulfur and salt, as well as temperatures to 260C. Any suggestions? A: Super Duplex 2507 is often used … Continue reading →
  • Best bolts for Inconel 625 flanges - q: What bolting material should be used with Inconel 625 flanges? We used ASTM A193 Gr B7 however noticing some corrosion issues. A: This is a very common problem but to answer it accurately, it depends on the environment that your flanges see and also to a certain extent what … Continue reading →
  • Tantalum bolts for hot phosphoric acid - Q: I’m running a semiconductor wet chemical etching process that utilizes 85 % phosphoric acid at around 150-160°C. I need a material that can withstand this process. Super Duplex hex bolts are not cutting it. A: At that particular concentration and temperature high performance nickel alloys like Hastelloy C276 bolts … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy C22 fasteners used in wet chloride - Q: I have a waste water purifying situation where I’m using chlorine to treat the water. In addition to the acidic solution produced the fastener will also experience high loads, so I’m also concerned with stress corrosion cracking. Currently Super Duplex 2507 is not doing the job. Any recommendations on … Continue reading →
  • Duplex 2205 and Hastelloy fasteners in pulp & paper digester - Q: We have a pulp & paper digester that is used to cook wood chips in an alkaline solution. The fasteners will be exposed to high temperatures and abrasive conditions. Any suggestions? A: Without knowing the specifics of your process, I can make two general material suggestions. Duplex 2205 fasteners are … Continue reading →
  • Titanium grade 5 bolts for lightweight robotic application - Q: I have a robotic application where I need a fastener that is both lightweight and strong. Also, the style of the fastener needs to provide a wide clamping area in a low clearance area. Any suggestions? A: A material you might consider is Titanium, grade 5. The most common … Continue reading →
  • Hastelloy B2 vs B3 bolts: Whats the difference? - Q: Is there any advantage of using a Hastelloy B3 fastener over a B2 fastener? A: Both Hastelloy B2 and B3 fasteners provide good resistance to non-oxidizing acids, such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. The only advantages of Hastelloy B3 fasteners over B2, is that they offer enhanced thermal stability … Continue reading →
  • Molybdenum screws temperature limit explained - Q: I saw on your high temperature chart that Molybdenum is listed twice. I’m confused, which high temperature should I use? A: Both high temperatures are accurate, depending on the situation where you are using Molybdenum fasteners. Molybdenum screws can be used up to 2912F only if it is used … Continue reading →
  • Difference between Incoloy 825 and 925 bolts - Q: What is the difference between Incoloy 825 and 925 bolts? A: Bolts made from Incoloy 925 are precipitation hardened version of Incoloy 825 bolts. What this means is it is put through a heat treatment process which hardens the alloy at the atomic level. Basically Incoloy 925 bolts offers similar … Continue reading →
  • Difference between Monel 400 and Monel K500 bolts - Q: I’m currently using Monel 400 hex head bolts in salt water. Should I be using K500? What’s the difference? A: Basically, Monel K500 is a precipitation hardened version of Monel 400. This means the material goes through a heat treating process that changes the alloy’s structural matrix to increase its tensile and … Continue reading →
  • Best creep resistance polymer fastener - Q: How does creep occur and what polymer is best to prevent this? A: Creep is the permanent deformation of the material caused by constant load or stress, usually accompanied by constant high temperature. This can result in permanent changes of the fastener shape as well weakening and fracturing of the … Continue reading →
  • Titanium vs Monel: Bolts for stagnant sea water - Q: I have a seawater application where the water can be stagnant or polluted. Is Monel bolts the best choice? A: For stagnant seawater application we would usually suggest Titanium over Monel fasteners. Although Monel is very resistant to saltwater, it can experience pitting corrosion in stagnant water situations. There have … Continue reading →
  • Usable temperature limit of Inconel 718 bolts - Q: What is the highest temperature I could use Inconel 718 bolts? A: Inconel 718 fasteners could be used reliably up to about 1300F.  Because Inconel 718 is  heat treated or age hardened at 1325F, going beyond 1300F will significantly affect its strength properties. Furthermore, its strength may not fully return. … Continue reading →
  • Best flange for high pressure hydrochloric acid - weld-neck-flangeQ: I have a high pressure application with HCl at fluctuating temperatures. Can you recommend the best flange to provide a safe secure joint? A: Hands down, the weld neck flange is best for these types of hazardous, high pressure applications. Weld neck flanges are easily identified by their long … Continue reading →
  • Best uses for a threaded flange - threaded-flangeQ: When do you recommend to use a threaded flange? I need a flange that can be changed easily & frequently. A:   After speaking with the customer, I found out that he has a pilot plant where he will be frequently changing parts. In this case a threaded flange is … Continue reading →
  • Calculating bolt break force or yield - Q: How do I calculate the actual break force or yield of a bolt for a particular size? A:   The Ultimate Tensile properties for a material like Hastelloy C276 is independent of the size of the bolt, as its based on the x-sectional area of the bolt which typically … Continue reading →
  • When to use a lap joint flange - lap-joint-flangeQ: When is it best to use a lap joint flange? A:   Lap joint flanges are good for very expensive materials like tantalum and zirconium and other specialty alloys like Hastelloy or Inconel due to reduced cost of sleeve vs solid flange. Lap joint flanges are unique in that they … Continue reading →
  • Difference between ziconium and zirconia fasteners - Q: What is the difference between Zirconia and Zirconium? A:   Zirconia is a ceramic made from ZrO2 and Zirconium (Zr) is a refractory metal element found on the periodic table. So while Zirconia is made from Zirconium they are VERY different.
  • Are ceramic fasteners fragile - Q: Are ceramics fragile? Do I have to worry about them breaking compared to metals? A:   Compared to metals ceramic fasteners are indeed fragile. Unlike a metal, there is very little yield before it fractures. Additionally ceramic fasteners and susceptible to thermal shock.
  • Cost comparison of Zirconia vs Alumina screws - Q: Why does Zirconia cost more than Alumina? A:  1) Raw material cost: Aluminia is far more abundant, whereas Yttrium oxide which is a stabilizer for Zirconia ceramic, is a rare earth element. 2) Shaping costs: Due to its higher density it takes approximately 10x longer to grind down and shape … Continue reading →
  • Zirconia vs alumina fasteners - Q: What advantages does Zirconia have over Alumina? A:   Usually for most high temperature or electric insulator applications where ceramics are needed, alumina ceramic fasteners are the most popular choice due to their properties and relatively affordable price compared to zirconia fasteners. However sometimes the extreme properties of zirconia fasteners … Continue reading →
  • PEEK and Vespel screws for non-conductive application - Q: Need to replace a standard steel washer with a non-conductive material. A:   After speaking with this customer, I learned that he needed to replace a standard steel washer with a non-conductive material for a critical bolted joint. These washers needed to withstand 70°C temperatures while maintaining preload. He … Continue reading →
  • PEEK screws as nylon alternative - Q: Can you provide alternative for a nylon pan head screw? A:   Here the customer needed an alternative to nylon. Resistance to electrical fields was a primary concern. In addition, he also needed a material that had a better dissipation factor than nylon. In this situation we would recommend PEEK. It … Continue reading →
  • High temperature capabilities of Polyimide fasteners - Q: Need help with specific needs regarding Polyimide fasteners and their high temperature capabilities A:   This Italian company was developing a new client oven.  They were interested in Polyimide fasteners and their high temperature capabilities. In particular they needed: Usability to 300°C Capability with metal connections Heat and electric … Continue reading →
  • MP35N bolts for high strength application - Q: We need advice on a material that will deliver a tensile strength of 210 to 250 ksi, as well as help us protect against galling. The attaching areas are stainless steel Grade 8. A:   For this instance, we would suggest MP35N. This alloy was developed specifically for high … Continue reading →
  • Bolts for high temperature vacuum furnace: Metal vs. Ceramic - Q: I’m using a high temperature vacuum furnace at 2500F. What type of material do you suggest using and is there any advantage of using a metal over a ceramic? A:   Under vacuum conditions with little to no oxygen present, there are some metallic options for fasteners which include … Continue reading →
  • Are Alloy 330 bolts magnetic? - Q: Is Alloy 330 Magnetic? A:   Though alloy 330 does contains iron and chromium, it also contains nickel. The nickel component is what helps to strengthen the protective qualities of the chromium however, the presence of nickel also makes this metal non-magnetic. The reason is that the presence of … Continue reading →
  • Galvanic corrosion using Inconel bolts - Q: Can dissimilar (also called galvanic) corrosion occurs between Inconel bolts and regular carbon steel? A:   Anytime you have dissimilar materials you have the potential for galvanic corrosion.  For this to happen the materials need to be wet or in some kind of solution. If they are dry it’s … Continue reading →
  • Cost comparison of Alumina vs Zirconia fasteners - Q: Why does Zirconia cost more than Alumina? A:   1.) Raw material cost. Alumina is far more abundant, whereas Yttrium oxide which is a stabilizer for Zirconia ceramic, is a rare earth element. 2.) Shaping costs. Due to its higher density it takes approximately 10x longer to grind down … Continue reading →
  • Vespel screws high temperature capabilities - Q: Polyimide / Vespel fasteners and their high temperature capabilities A:   This client is developing a new oven application and was interested in Polyimide fasteners and their high temperature capabilities. In particular they needed:

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